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Answer for the clue "The beliefs and practices of the Catholic Church based in Rome ", 8 letters:
romanism

Word definitions for romanism in dictionaries

Wikipedia Word definitions in Wikipedia
Romanism is a word that was used as a derogatory term for Roman Catholicism in the past when anti-Catholicism was more common in the United States and the United Kingdom . The term was frequently used in late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century Republican ...

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary Word definitions in Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
"Roman Catholicism" (usually, if not always, with a disparaging savor; in some contexts suggesting political allegiance to the Vatican), 1670s, from Roman + -ism .

The Collaborative International Dictionary Word definitions in The Collaborative International Dictionary
Romanism \Ro"man*ism\, n. The tenets of the Church of Rome; the Roman Catholic religion.

Usage examples of romanism.

Duke William of Cleves-Juelich-Berg had adopted an Erasmian compromise between Lutheranism and Romanism, in some respects resembling the course pursued by Henry.

I and my neighbors have been bred in the notion, that, unless we came soon to some good church, -- Calvinism, or Behmenism, or Romanism, or Mormonism, -- there would be a universal thaw and dissolution.