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Answer for the clue "A double layer of peritoneum that attaches to the back wall of the abdominal cavity and supports the small intestines ", 9 letters:
mesentery

Word definitions for mesentery in dictionaries

WordNet Word definitions in WordNet
n. a double layer of peritoneum that attaches to the back wall of the abdominal cavity and supports the small intestines

Wikipedia Word definitions in Wikipedia
A mesentery is a membrane inside the body cavity of an animal. The term identifies different structures in different phyla : in vertebrates it is a double fold of the peritoneum enclosing the intestines; in other organisms it forms complete or incomplete ...

The Collaborative International Dictionary Word definitions in The Collaborative International Dictionary
Mesentery \Mes"en*ter*y\ (?; 277), n. [Gr. mesente`rion, me`sos + 'e`nteron intestine: cf. F. m['e]sent[`e]re.] (Anat.) The membranes, or one of the membranes (consisting of a fold of the peritoneum and inclosed tissues), which connect the intestines ...

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary Word definitions in Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
fold of the peritoneum, early 15c., from medical Latin mesenterium "middle of the intestine," from medical Greek mesenterion , from mesos "middle" (see medial (adj.)) + enteron "intestine" (see enteric ). Related: Mesenteric .

Wiktionary Word definitions in Wiktionary
n. (context anatomy English) The membrane that attaches the intestines to the wall of the abdomen, maintaining their position in the abdominal cavity, and supplying them with blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics.

Usage examples of mesentery.

Then the chyle, conveyed through the thoracic duct from its cistern in the mesentery, is carried to the vena cava, and so to the heart.

The princess has kreps, a consumptive scirrhus growing in her mesenteries.

Mesentery, uterus, ovaries and rectum removed, multiple lacerations on both posterior and anterior cavity walls.

Organs pulsed wetly, veins clearly visible in the mesenteries that enfolded them like a caul.

You’ve abused muscles, torn ligaments and mesenteries, slipped a spinal disk that I reset.

I had to replace parts of his esophagus, the superior vena cava, some mesentery .

I had to replace parts of his esophagus, the superior vena cava, some mesentery.