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Answer for the clue "When light passes sharp edges or goes through narrow slits the rays are deflected and produce fringes of light and dark bands ", 11 letters:
diffraction

Word definitions for diffraction in dictionaries

Wikipedia Word definitions in Wikipedia
Diffraction refers to various phenomena which occur when a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit. It is defined as the bending of light around the corners of an obstacle or aperture into the region of geometrical shadow of the obstacle. In classical physics, ...

WordNet Word definitions in WordNet
n. when light passes sharp edges or goes through narrow slits the rays are deflected and produce fringes of light and dark bands

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary Word definitions in Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
1670s, from French diffraction (17c.) or directly from Modern Latin diffractionem (nominative diffractio ), noun of action from past participle stem of Latin diffringere "break apart in pieces," from dis- "apart" (see dis- ) + frangere "to break" (see fraction ...

The Collaborative International Dictionary Word definitions in The Collaborative International Dictionary
Diffraction \Dif*frac"tion\, n. [Cf. F. diffraction.] (Opt.) The deflection and decomposition of light in passing by the edges of opaque bodies or through narrow slits, causing the appearance of parallel bands or fringes of prismatic colors, as by the action ...

Wiktionary Word definitions in Wiktionary
n. (context quantum mechanics English) The breaking up of an electromagnetic wave as it passes a geometric structure (e.g. a slit), followed by reconstruction of the wave by interference.

Usage examples of diffraction.

Lang and Bresson and Deren but the anti-New Wave abstracters like Frampton, wacko Nucks like Godbout, anticonfluential directors like Dick and the Snows who not only really belonged in a quiet pink room somewhere but were also self-consciously behind the times, making all sorts of heavy art-gesture films about film and consciousness and isness and diffraction and stasis et cetera.

The colored beryllium metal of the wall had been ruled with 20,000 lines to the inch, mere scratches, but nevertheless a diffraction grating.

Luna is a silvery iridescent sphere, planed smooth down to micrometer heights, luminous with diffraction patterns.

Outer Kingdom, from a variety of sources, but all of it contributed to the same purpose: It surveyed the microscopic world through X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and direct nanoscale probing, and synthesized all of the resulting information into a single three-dimensional view.

In realistic situations, this diffracted starlight is much stronger than the light from planets around the star, and because of diffraction effects a circular disk is not useful as an occulter in searching for extrasolar planets.

This is done by the smoothing or tapering of the sharp edge of the occulter in such a way that the waves from different regions tend to cancel and diffraction is suppressed.

Moreover, even if the occulter developed many pinholes, the diffraction effects would spread the penetrating light over an area much larger than the images of interest, reducing its effect.

If so, the logical step for us is to go back to the beginning of our tests and rerun our diffractions to see if we can refine our measurements of positron frequencies.

CHAPTER 16 T~tE DEFIANT'S ~ viewer showed the speckled plasma field, complete with flares and clusters and rippling diffractions of every scientific description.

We isolated, and even crystallized the virus, got X-Ray diffractions, did epidemiological studies, all in strictest secrecy.

The real was only probably real, a nexus in endlessly expanding diffractions of the could-be.

The machine's computer began loading the diffraction data into the GeneDyne net, where it was sent across a dedicated land line at 110,000 bits per second to the GeneDyne supercomputer in Boston.

At one moment it would be as flat and featureless as polished steel then it would become flooded with iridescent, rainbow colors, behaving like a giant diffraction grating.

Its metallic limbs gleamed with the rainbow iridescence of a diffraction grating.

I saw that a shaft of red light, split out and deflected by his prism, shone through a diffraction grating and cast an angular pattern of dots and lines on a scrap of smooth plastic behind.