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Answer for the clue "An epicycloid in which the rolling circle equals the fixed circle ", 8 letters:
cardioid

Word definitions for cardioid in dictionaries

Wiktionary Word definitions in Wiktionary
a. Having this characteristic shape n. (context geometry English) An epicycloid with exactly one cusp; the plane curve with polar equation rho = 1 + cos,theta - having a shape supposedly heart-shaped

The Collaborative International Dictionary Word definitions in The Collaborative International Dictionary
Cardioid \Car"di*oid\, n. [Gr. kardio-eidh`s heart-shaped; kardi`a heart + e'i^dos shape.] (Math.) An algebraic curve, so called from its resemblance to a heart.

Wikipedia Word definitions in Wikipedia
A cardioid (from the Greek καρδία "heart") is a plane curve traced by a point on the perimeter of a circle that is rolling around a fixed circle of the same radius. It is therefore a type of limaçon and can also be defined as an epicycloid having a single ...

WordNet Word definitions in WordNet
n. an epicycloid in which the rolling circle equals the fixed circle

Usage examples of cardioid.

He dropped to his knees and inventoried the canvas bag, which contained everything an astute documentarian ought to have: the Betacam, the Ampex deck, the Nicad battery pack, two extra cassettes, a cardioid mike with sponge wind guard, steno notebook, pens.

A piece of cheese, with one of those built-in cardioid mikes, but it was adequate for spoken-word, ideal for oral history.

Rosette and seahorse and seething cloud, nebulosities on the brink of determinate form, cardioid traceries of the heart the patterns wrapped around him until he became a fractal tapestry, alive, every element in constant motion.

He dropped to his knees and inventoried the canvas bag, which contained every­thing an astute documentarian ought to have: the Betacam, the Ampex deck, the Nicad battery pack, two extra cassettes, a cardioid mike with sponge wind guard, steno notebook, pens.