Word derived from another that has a related meaning, like "wisdom" from "wise"

• Linguistic term for a word that's almost the same as another word, like "affect" and "effect"

The Collaborative International Dictionary Word definitions in The Collaborative International Dictionary
Paronym \Par"o*nym\, n. A paronymous word. [Written also paronyme .]

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary Word definitions in Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
"cognate word," 1846, from Greek paronymos , "formed by a slight change," from para- (see para- (1)) + onyma (see name (n.)). Related: Paronymous (1660s).

Wiktionary Word definitions in Wiktionary
n. 1 (context semantics English) A word derived from the same root as another word. 2 (context rare English) A word that sounds like another word.