Wikipedia
Wherigo
Wherigo is a GPS location-aware software platform created by Groundspeak and initially released in January 2008. A simple description is a mix between an adventure game and a geocache search.
Authors can develop self-enclosed story files (called "cartridges") that are read by the Wherigo player software, installed on either a GPS unit or smartphone. The player and story take advantage of the location information provided by the GPS to trigger in-game events, such as using a virtual object or interacting with characters. Completing an adventure can require reaching different locations and solving puzzles.
Cartridges are coded in Lua. Lua may be used directly, but a builder application is usually used.