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Wiktionary
vocoder

n. Any of several electronic or digital devices or systems for the analysis and/or synthesis of speech

Wikipedia
Vocoder

A vocoder (, short for voice encoder) is a category of voice codec that analyzes and synthesizes the human voice signal for audio data compression, multiplexing, voice encryption, voice transformation, etc.

The earliest type of vocoder, the channel vocoder, was originally developed as a speech coder for telecommunications applications in the 1930s, the idea being to code speech in order to reduce bandwidth (i.e. audio data compression) for multiplexing transmission. In the channel vocoder algorithm, among the two components of an analytic signal, considering only the amplitude component and simply ignoring the phase component tends to result in an unclear voice; on methods for rectifying this, see phase vocoder.

In the encoder, the input is passed through a multiband filter, then each band is passed through an envelope follower, and the control signals from the envelope followers are transmitted to the decoder. The decoder applies these (amplitude) control signals to corresponding filters for re-synthesis. Since these control signals change only slowly compared to the original speech waveform, the bandwidth required to transmit speech can be reduced. This allows more speech channels to share a single communication channel, such as a radio channel or a submarine cable (i.e. multiplexing).

By encrypting the control signals, voice transmission can be secured against interception. Its primary use in this fashion is for secure radio communication. The advantage of this method of encryption is that none of the original signal is sent, only envelopes of the bandpass filters. The receiving unit needs to be set up in the same filter configuration to re-synthesize a version of the original signal spectrum.

The vocoder has also been used extensively as an electronic musical instrument (see #Uses in music). The decoder portion of the vocoder, called a voder, can be used independently for speech synthesis (see #History).

Usage examples of "vocoder".

She will acknowledge the introduction through the vocoder in her arachne later.

Zoveel had used his vocoder and tried high frequency thinking perhaps that the sprookjes might be that one-in-a-thousand species that heard only in the upper ranges.

She tries to speak gently, but the vocoder strips her voice down to a soft rasp.

The vocoder rendered his grunt as an odd kind of metallic whining, which annoyed him.

He had a vocoder unit strapped to his throat, and it projected an inhumanly beautiful synthesized voice.

A tentacle looped up over the table edge and dropped a small vocoder into the palm of her hand.

So he stood there like a droid without its vocoder, watching her ride away behind Qui-Gon, thinking it might well be the last time he would ever see her, and wondering how he was going to live with himself if it was.

Even the current Mark XXV Bolo retained the emotionless vocoder settings of the earlier marks and normally referred to itself in the military third person except to its own commander.

He had a vocoder unit strapped to his throat, and it projected an inhumanly beautiful synthesized voice.

They chattered away in a language called “English”-which he had vocoder circuits for from ages back and they were making advance arrangements for the visit of a notable.

Even the current Mark XXV Bolo retained the emotionless vocoder settings of the earlier marks and normally referred to itself in the military third person except to its own commander.

I perceived it in musical terms, of course: to me what we built was something like a vast symphony orchestra, save that in addition to the usual ordnance of a full orchestra it incorporated saxophones, electric guitani, tin flutes, tablas, trap drums, Yamaha synthesizers, steel drums, vocoders, kazoos, baby rattles, Zal Yanovsky's Electric' Gorgle and the Big Jukebox in Close Encounters, included every means the race has ever devised for making music and some that haven't been invented yet, the whole thing integrated into a vast tapestry of sonic and tonal textures that was indescribable and probably unimaginable-certainly I had never imagined anything like it before that night-and primevally satisfying to what a Buddhist might call my "third ear.

He often suspected the bank acquired information in peculiar ways and he checked vocoders and suchlike to make sure they didn't contain a radio mike or a recording thread that could be taken back later.

He often suspected the bank acquired information in peculiar ways and he checked vocoders and suchlike to make sure they didn’t contain a radio mike or a recording thread that could be taken back later.

He knew he was talking aloud, but he had his computer's vocoders turned off and his absent mumblings would be ignored.