What is "valeric acid"

n. (context chemistry English) A short chain aliphatic carboxylic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₃COOH, obtained from the roots of valerian; used in perfume, flavourings, pharmaceuticals

n. a clear liquid carboxylic acid used in perfumes and drugs [syn: pentanoic acid]

Valeric acid, or pentanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula CHO. Like other low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids, it has a very unpleasant odor. It is found naturally in the perennial flowering plant valerian (Valeriana officinalis), from which it gets its name. Its primary use is in the synthesis of its esters. Volatile esters of valeric acid tend to have pleasant odors and are used in perfumes and cosmetics. Ethyl valerate and pentyl valerate are used as food additives because of their fruity flavors.

Valeric acid appears similar in structure to GHB and the neurotransmitter GABA in that it is a short-chain carboxylic acid, although it lacks the alcohol and amine functional groups that contribute to the biological activities of GHB and GABA, respectively. It differs from valproic acid simply by lacking a 3-carbon side-chain. Mevalonic acid is derived from valeric acid by methylation.