The Collaborative International Dictionary
turbo-
turbo- \tur"bo-\, n. containing or using a turbine; -- a combining form; as, turbojet.
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
turbo-
word-forming element, abstracted c.1900 from turbine; influenced by Latin turbo "spinning top." E.g. turbocharger (1934), aeronautic turboprop (1945, with second element short for propeller); turbojet (1945).
Wiktionary
turbo-
pre. 1 Turbine-related 2 Accelerated, more robust, souped-up