What is "toll and team"

Toll \Toll\, n. [OE. tol, AS. toll; akin to OS. & D. tol, G. zoll, OHG. zol, Icel. tollr, Sw. tull, Dan. told, and also to E. tale; -- originally, that which is counted out in payment. See Tale number.]

1. A tax paid for some liberty or privilege, particularly for the privilege of passing over a bridge or on a highway, or for that of vending goods in a fair, market, or the like.

2. (Sax. & O. Eng. Law) A liberty to buy and sell within the bounds of a manor.

3. A portion of grain taken by a miller as a compensation for grinding.

   Toll and team (O. Eng. Law), the privilege of having a market, and jurisdiction of villeins.
   --Burrill.

   Toll bar, a bar or beam used on a canal for stopping boats at the tollhouse, or on a road for stopping passengers.

   Toll bridge, a bridge where toll is paid for passing over it.

   Toll corn, corn taken as pay for grinding at a mill.

   Toll dish, a dish for measuring toll in mills.

   Toll gatherer, a man who takes, or gathers, toll.

   Toll hop, a toll dish. [Obs.]
   --Crabb.

   Toll thorough (Eng. Law), toll taken by a town for beasts driven through it, or over a bridge or ferry maintained at its cost.
   --Brande & C.

   Toll traverse (Eng. Law), toll taken by an individual for beasts driven across his ground; toll paid by a person for passing over the private ground, bridge, ferry, or the like, of another.

   Toll turn (Eng. Law), a toll paid at the return of beasts from market, though they were not sold.
   --Burrill.

   Syn: Tax; custom; duty; impost.

Toll and team (also spelled thol and theam) were related privileges granted by the Crown to landowners under Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman law. First known from a charter of around 1023, the privileges usually appeared as part of a standard formula in charters granting privileges to estate-holders, along the lines of "with sac and soc, toll and team, infangthief and outfangthief" and so on.

Toll was the right granted to a landowner to impose a payment on the sale or passage of goods or cattle on his lands, or alternatively to be exempt from the tolls of others.

Team was originally a grant of jurisdiction, allowing the holding of a court to judge people accused of wrongful possession of goods or cattle, or granting the right to obtain the profits from such a court. The term has the literal meaning in Old English of "line", referring to the tracing of a line of ownership. By the 12th century, however, the original meaning had largely been forgotten as the institution of team had fallen into obsolescence. It continued to be used as part of the standard formula of rights in charters but was given various alternative meanings by legal writers.