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Tarquinia

Tarquinia , formerly Corneto, is an old city in the province of Viterbo, Lazio, Italy known chiefly for its outstanding and unique ancient Etruscan tombs in the widespread necropoli or cemeteries which it overlies, for which it was awarded UNESCO World Heritage status.

In 1922 it was renamed after the ancient city of Tarquinii (Roman) or Tarch(u)na (Etruscan). Although little is visible of the once great wealth and extent of the ancient city, archaeology is increasingly revealing glimpses of past glories.

Tarquinia (gens)

Tarquinius (plural Tarquinii; compare the place name Tarquinia) is the gens name ( nomen) of a Roman family of Greco- Etruscan origin. Two Tarquins were among the semi-legendary kings of Rome.

The names on the list of kings indicate that the Roman monarchy was not hereditary. The presence of two Tarquins, the last of whom was ousted as a tyrant, may indicate that the family attempted to monopolize power within the family contrary to Roman custom. According to tradition, the precipitating event was the rape of Lucretia by Sextus Tarquinius, the king's son. The expulsion of the Tarquins signaled the end of the Regal period and the beginning of the Republic in Roman history.

Tarquinia (daughter of Tarquinius Priscus)

In Rome's early semi-legendary history, Tarquinia was the daughter of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth king of Rome, and brother to Rome's seventh and final king, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus. She was the mother of Lucius Junius Brutus, who overthrew the monarchy and became one of Rome's first consuls in 509 BC. She had another son, who was put to death by Superbus.