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surplus
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
surplus
I.noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a budget surplus (=when a government has more money than it spends )
▪ A huge budget surplus of over £16 billion was recorded.
a trade surplus (=the amount by which the total goods one country sells to others is more than the amount it buys from them)
▪ Scotch whisky is a major contributor to the UK trade balance, with a large trade surplus.
be surplus to requirementsBritish English (= be more than is needed)
▪ The old school building is now surplus to requirements.
trade surplus
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
agricultural
▪ There were fewer famines and a greater agricultural surplus which allowed people to live longer and increase their fecundity.
▪ Any agricultural surplus would have been required to support the development of urban centres which in turn encouraged craft specialisation.
▪ This will reduce the agricultural surplus compared to if consumption levels had not risen.
huge
▪ By 1942, however, we possessed something no other country did: a huge surplus of hydroelectric power.
large
▪ The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.
▪ The initial costs of the latter are generally held to be underwritten by the large surplus generated by any big hit record.
small
▪ The shells power all the Exchange's plant, and also provides a small surplus that is fed into the local grid.
▪ After 2020, he asserted, the budget will run a small surplus through 2050 and beyond.
■ NOUN
budget
▪ The budget surplus of A$8,107 million was the fourth consecutive surplus, and would be used to reduce overseas debt.
▪ Bush spent the campaign pretending that this was an election about the budget surplus, or social security or the military.
▪ A budget surplus of EC$12,300,000 was predicted on the current account.
▪ The result has been a burgeoning budget surplus.
▪ The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.
▪ Interest rates can be cut and Bill Clinton's budget surplus spent.
cash
▪ This would be on a charitable basis and any cash surplus would be made available to fund research projects.
▪ The project which shows the greatest cash surplus is the one preferred.
consumer
▪ There would be no benefit in terms of increased consumer surplus.
▪ In theory this process could go as far as equating marginal cost with demand so that the bureaucracy obtains all the consumer surplus.
▪ The monopolist is normally considered to exploit consumers by charging a high price and thereby destroying some consumer surplus.
fund
▪ The latest result was boosted by a £4m pension fund surplus.
▪ Pre-tax profits were down 94.2% at £5.2m, after £90m gains from the distribution of a pension fund surplus last time.
trade
▪ It will try to do so by explaining the nature and future of the country's trade surplus.
▪ Such distortions lead to a persistent trade surplus and a persistently rising yen.
▪ The trade surplus is more than $ 65 billion.
▪ In fact, our trade surplus in Scotch is three times greater than our trade surplus in oil.
▪ A trade surplus means more products are being exported than imported.
■ VERB
run
▪ The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.
▪ Yet for the third month running, that surplus fell in November, meaning pressure on that front is easing.
▪ After 2020, he asserted, the budget will run a small surplus through 2050 and beyond.
show
▪ Overall the budget showed a financial surplus - the first since 1978 - of NZ$89 million.
▪ Figures released yesterday show a surplus of £2.1 million last year, after the £601,000 surplus in 1991.
▪ The project which shows the greatest cash surplus is the one preferred.
▪ The table shows a surplus provided by local authorities to allow for contingencies such as salary and wage increases.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ a budget surplus
▪ For the first time in 20 years Congress was working with a budget surplus.
▪ Government subsidies have resulted in huge grain surpluses.
▪ Our surplus on book publishing last year was $47 million.
▪ The budget surplus could be used to hire and train more border guards.
▪ The Gulf States produce more oil than they need and sell the surplus to the rest of the world.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Plant closings, department mergers, and restricted budgets often provide an organization with a temporary surplus of cash and other resources.
▪ The surplus will go towards replacing their club van that was used to transport boxers to events and beach training at Redcar.
▪ The December surplus was the first monthly trade gain in 1995, the ministry said in a preliminary report.
▪ The existence of monopoly denies them that opportunity, and this is manifest in the inevitable reduction in total surplus.
▪ This surplus will cause a competitive bidding down of price by sellers eager to relieve themselves of their surplus.
▪ Today there is a worrisome surplus of 1 million empty apartments in the East, particularly in the cities.
II.adjective
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ NOUN
cash
▪ Financing decisions Fixed asset investment can be funded from several sources: equity, surplus cash, loans or leasing.
▪ It would suit them better to use their surplus cash to aid starving children in other countries.
▪ Gradually coffee came to replace maize as the main agricultural produce of the community and foodstuffs were bought with surplus cash.
energy
▪ And if we overate on any one of them then any surplus energy would end up by making us fat.
▪ At the time I attributed this discomfort to my surplus energy, and not to my thinness.
▪ Every atom seeks equilibrium at the lowest energy level, giving off surplus energy as radiation.
fat
▪ A word about your weight loss From the day you start F-Plan dieting you will start shedding surplus fat.
▪ So during a week you would be likely to shed one pound of surplus fat.
▪ Strain off the surplus fat and swill out the pan with the wine and stock.
▪ This is the only way in which it can be forced to feed on its own surplus fat.
▪ At one time I would have suggested that everyone would shed surplus fat on a ration of 1,500 calories daily.
▪ There wasn't an ounce of surplus fat on his body, so it must go somewhere.
▪ The more heavily overweight people are, the more swiftly they can shed surplus fat on a slimming diet.
▪ The vital calorie factor By including sufficient high-fibre foods in your diet you will actually help your body to shed surplus fat.
food
▪ Or had she bought this, and all the surplus food, when there had been money in the joint account?
funds
▪ If the business is a goer, the entrepreneur moves on to the full Enterprise Allowance system and gets back any surplus funds.
▪ When the crisis is over, any surplus funds will be donated to the Gulf Trust.
▪ Essentially those institutions with surplus funds lend to those with insufficient funds to meet their requirements.
▪ Prudential alone has surplus funds of an estimated £8 billion.
▪ After the principal had been repaid, through the balance sheet, surplus funds would be recorded as increases in capital.
▪ And unlike in the past, fewer agencies are now earning investment income from surplus funds.
▪ They take in surplus funds from other institutions and use the funds to deal in treasury and commercial bills.
labour
▪ The existence of surplus labour is not con fined to capitalism.
▪ The simple proposition behind all agrarian reform was that surplus land should be distributed to surplus labour.
▪ The more successful Du Pont synthetic rubber factory could never mop up the ever-growing pool of surplus labour.
▪ First, let us look at surplus labour.
▪ Marx makes three key assumptions in developing the concept of surplus labour.
▪ First, one can not crudely equate surplus labour, surplus product and surplus-value.
▪ The open village therefore lost much of its rationale as a reservoir of surplus labour.
land
▪ The new company assumes responsibility for the profitable development of these sites and any future surplus land.
▪ Most of the surplus land lies in regions of irregular rainfall.
▪ The simple proposition behind all agrarian reform was that surplus land should be distributed to surplus labour.
place
▪ Mr. Fallon I can tell my hon. Friend that 17 of Wolverhampton's 18 secondary schools have surplus places.
▪ Wolverhampton has already submitted two proposals for surplus places and they have been rejected by the Government.
▪ Some 6,900 surplus places exist there.
▪ Our latest survey of school capacity shows that Wolverhampton has nearly 12,000 surplus places.
▪ He opted to support the councils in reducing surplus places.
property
▪ In that way housing associations could immediately buy up many of the surplus properties that are currently available on the housing market.
▪ Personal property managers acquire, distribute, and store supplies, and may sell or dispose of surplus property.
▪ In addition, the business continued to sell surplus properties as opportunities arose.
value
▪ The difference between the two is the surplus value which the capitalist can extract from the workers.
▪ Or how much surplus value must be extracted to make labor cheap?
▪ The raising of morale has been imposed by management in pursuance of surplus value and the maintenance of managerial authority.
▪ The method of capital accumulation is the extraction of surplus value.
▪ In post-colonial economies there is a continuing reliance on raising levels of absolute rather than the relative surplus value of labour.
▪ In this political economy, surplus value is accumulated by the state, not by individuals.
▪ Political intervention is needed to realize absolute surplus value.
▪ The state then determines how this surplus value will be used to serve its objectives and to provide goods to certain actors.
water
▪ And the only sensible place to use the surplus water was in the San Fernando Valley.
▪ Filling up immediately behind the wall with porous material such as ballast or gravel will also help to get rid of surplus water.
▪ Officials have said the bonds will be retired with surplus water system funds and will result in no tax increase.
▪ Mulholland had been saying that the city had surplus water sufficient for only ten thousand new arrivals.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ surplus grain
▪ Anne bought a surplus Army Jeep.
▪ The State raised $130 million by selling off surplus land.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Although Karl Marx's formulation of the theory of surplus value was more sophisticated, his debt to Hodgskin is unmistakable.
▪ And the only sensible place to use the surplus water was in the San Fernando Valley.
▪ Arra said Corrections has frozen all purchases of surplus equipment until a review is completed.
▪ It was very pale and had no expression, as though expressions were surplus to requirements.
▪ This will continue for as long as the surplus nutrients remain in the water, which may be months.
Related phrases:
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Surplus

Surplus \Sur"plus\, a. Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient; as, surplus revenues; surplus population; surplus words.

When the price of corn falleth, men give over surplus tillage, and break no more ground.
--Carew.

Surplus

Surplus \Sur"plus\, n. [F., fr. sur over + plus more. See Sur-, and Plus, and cf. Superplus.]

  1. That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess; overplus.

  2. Specifically, an amount in the public treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary purposes of the government.

Related phrases:
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
surplus

late 14c., from Old French sorplus "remainder, extra" (12c., Modern French surplus), from Medieval Latin superplus "excess, surplus," from Latin super "over" (see super-) + plus "more" (see plus). As an adjective from late 14c.

Wiktionary
surplus

a. Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient; as, surplus revenues; surplus population; surplus words. n. 1 That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess; overplus. 2 Specifically, an amount in the public treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary purposes of the government. 3 (context legal English) The remainder of a fund appropriated for a particular purpose. 4 (context legal English) assets left after liabilities and debts, including capital stock have been deducted.

Related phrases:
WordNet
surplus

n. a quantity much larger than is needed [syn: excess, surplusage, nimiety]

surplus

adj. more than is needed, desired, or required; "trying to lose excess weight"; "found some extra change lying on the dresser"; "yet another book on heraldry might be thought redundant"; "skills made redundant by technological advance"; "sleeping in the spare room"; "supernumerary ornamentation"; "it was supererogatory of her to gloat"; "delete superfluous (or unnecessary) words"; "extra ribs as well as other supernumerary internal parts"; "surplus cheese distributed to the needy" [syn: excess, extra, redundant, spare, supererogatory, superfluous, supernumerary]

Wikipedia
Surplus

Surplus may refer to:

  • Economic surplus, one of various supplementary values
  • Excess supply, a situation in which the quantity of a good or service supplied is more than the quantity demanded, and the price is above the equilibrium level determined by supply and demand
  • Government budget surplus
  • Surplus: Terrorized into Being Consumers, a documentary film
  • Surplus value, surplus labour, surplus product in Marxian economics
  • " The Surplus", a 2008 episode of The Office
Related phrases:

Usage examples of "surplus".

To-day it is our system of public book-keeping, a part of our state statistical organization, a clearing-house of obligations and a monetary record of the accumulating surplus of racial energy, which the world-controls apportion to our ever expanding enterprises.

Finally, the contention has been made that in stressing the separate identities of a corporation and its stockholders, the Court overlooked the fact that when a surplus has been accumulated, the stockholders are thereby enriched, and that a stock dividend may therefore be appropriately viewed simply as a device whereby the corporation reinvests money earned in their behalf.

They must take it in excess of their needs, regardless of the effect, at least until the organs of excretion can throw off the surplus as waste.

Those standards consequently encourage the retreat from reality and the generating of neuroses, without achieving any surplus of cultural gain by this excess of sexual repression.

In this epigram, Burroughs suggests that parasitism -- corruption, plagiarism, surplus appropriation -- is in fact conterminous with life itself.

For about a thousand years, as Quant rigidly demonstrated, there should have been a surplus of psychosocial energy, due to the abandonment of all hope of star-travel.

It was, in effect, a miniature marshaling yard where surplus cabs were collected and subsequently redispersed around Janus via the spokes as fluctuations in traffic patterns demanded.

Because Roum has a surplus of Watchers, we all are on short rations as it is, and if we admit you our rations will be all the shorter.

In this machine the wool enters at the left-hand end, and is seized by a fork or rake and carried forward by it a short distance, then another rake seizes it and carries it further forward to another rake, and this to the last rake of the machine, which draws it out of the machine to a pair of squeezing rollers which press out the surplus liquor, and from these rollers the scoured wool passes to a travelling band for delivery from the machine.

And I have no doubt that if God granted the gift of prophecy even to one artist, we would soon have a surplus of sketchers and daubers wishing to be taken for prophets, especially if it would bring them better pay.

His job was the unloading of the surplus fodder, and I marvelled at the effortless way he roped and hoisted the heavy bags and bales onto the hook which swung down again and again from the crane on the quay.

Lady Appleton had inquired about provisions and had been told that no surplus food was available for sale.

According to an FBI informant, a wealthy Barnett supporter in Mississippi had arranged for four P-51 Mustang Canadian surplus fighter planes to be flown from Wisconsin to an abandoned World War II B-17 airstrip in western Tennessee, then flown to Mississippi and placed at the disposal of Governor Barnett.

Where local and foreign milk alike are drawn into a general plan for protecting the interstate commerce in the commodity from the interferences, burdens and obstructions, arising from excessive surplus and the social and sanitary evils of low values, the power of the Congress extends also to the local sales.

The result is that the depolarization overshoots the mark, and for a moment the interior of the cell takes on a small positive charge, thanks to the surplus of positively charged sodium ions that have entered, and a small negative charge is left outside the cell.