What is "sputnik"

"artificial satellite," extended from the name of the one launched by the Soviet Union Oct. 4, 1957, from Russian sputnik "satellite," literally "traveling companion" (in this use short for sputnik zemlyi, "traveling companion of the Earth") from Old Church Slavonic supotiniku, from Russian so-, s- "with, together" + put' "path, way," from Old Church Slavonic poti, from PIE *pent- "to tread, go" (see find (v.)) + agent suffix -nik.\n

\nThe electrifying impact of the launch on the West can be gauged by the number of new formations in -nik around this time (the suffix had been present in a Yiddish context for at least a decade before); Laika, the stray dog launched aboard Sputnik 2 (Nov. 2, 1957), which was dubbed muttnik in the "Detroit Free Press," etc. The rival U.S. satellite which failed to reach orbit in 1957 (because the Vanguard rocket blew up on the launch pad) derided as a kaputnik (in the "Daytona Beach Morning Journal"), a dudnik ("Christian Science Monitor"), a flopnik ("Youngstown Vindicator," "New York Times"), a pffftnik ("National Review"), and a stayputnik ("Vancouver Sun").

n. 1 (label en historical) Any of a series of Soviet unmanned space satellites, especially the first one in 1957. 2 (label en dated) Any artificial satellite.

n. a Russian artificial satellite; "Sputnik was the first man-made satellite to orbit the earth"

Sputnik or MDR Sputnik is a youth-oriented German radio station, and is part of Leipzig-based public broadcaster MDR with its seat in Halle. The station, which plays primarily the typical variety of pop and rock music, is the successor to the East German youth station DT64, founded in 1964. It was given its present name on May 1, 1993, following German reunification in 1990; the new name, inspired by the Soviet Sputnik satellite, was the suggestion of Saxon prime minister Kurt Biedenkopf.

While DT64 was broadcast throughout East Germany, Sputnik is available on FM only in one of the five federal states which replaced the GDR and thus only in one of the three federal states that belong to MDR coverage area ( Saxony-Anhalt); it is available throughout Europe via the Astra satellite on 19.2° east in DVB-S standard as well as in most German cable networks on DVB-C and in the MDR area ( Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia) via FM in most of the cable networks and via DAB+.

DT64 lost all FM frequencies in the first half of 1992. In four new federal states these frequencies were given to private radio stations, in Berlin and Brandenburg a new public youth radio station (Rock Radio B, later Fritz) started on the frequencies DT64 used until this time. DT64 had to switch to AM in summer 1992, AM transmission lasted for one year. During this time the station got its new name, MDR Sputnik. Between 1993 and 1997 MDR Sputnik was available only via Astra satellite analog audio subcarriers and a special German digital Radio System DSR, receivable via Cable and satellite. In 1997 the FM coverage in Saxony-Anhalt was built up. During this time the program lost most of the journalistic content, most of the word content disappeared. At the end of this process there was nothing that could one remind of DT64.

After a relaunch as high quality youth program under the new station manager Eric Markuse in December 2006 English news was broadcast the whole afternoon, between 1.30 P.M. and 6.30 P.M. and Sputnik got back a great variety of journalistic content as well as a well diversified music program with a significant amount of independent music.

In summer 2010 the MDR cut the budget again, English news and most of the journalistic content ceased, the station manager Eric Markuse left MDR Sputnik. Today (2014) Sputnik is a standard music program again.

Sputnik also operates an internet radio station, Sputnik.de, which has channels for Electronic Music, melancholic music, R&B, dance, rock music, and a stream broadcasting the alternative evening programme Popkult the whole day.

Sputnik is a fictional character in the Marvel Universe.

Sputnik is a web search engine owned by the Russian state-owned telecommunications company Rostelecom. It markets itself as an engine geared towards "local services". At the end of the week of the launch, it was responsible for 0.01% of the search engine traffic in Russia, compared with 62% for Yandex and 28% for Google.

There is an associated web browser, also Sputnik, derived from Chromium.

Moscow express electric train (also known "Sputnik") it is a regional Electric multiple unit train, that connects Moscow and the regions inside its oblast. Compared with conventional commuter trains, they move with a higher speed and fewer stops, which causes twice higher price. Work under the 7000 th numbering. On some routes the price is the same as a regular train (for example, to Novoperedelkino platform).

Depending on the direction, the tickets are sold in the hall either in their individual corner, or in the corner for all regional routes.

Sputnik (Russian for " satellite") or Sputnik 1 is the first artificial satellite, launched October 1957.

Sputnik may also refer to:

In vehicles:

• Sputnik (rocket), an unmanned orbital carrier rocket derived from the R-7 Semyorka ICBM
• Sputnik (spacecraft designation), a spacecraft designation (including a list of spacecraft called "Sputnik")
• Lada Sputnik, an automobile based on Lada Samara aka Lada 2108 chassis

In locations:

• 16260 Sputnik, an asteroid
• Sputnik (rural locality), several inhabited localities in Russia
• Sputnik Planum (Sputnik Plain), on Pluto, named in honor of Sputnik 1 and discovered by New Horizon

In media and entertainment:

• Sputnik, a character from Astroblast
• "Sputnik", a song by Public Service Broadcasting from the 2015 album The Race for Space
• Sputnik (comics), a character from Marvel comics
• Sputnik double or negative double, a bid in contract bridge
• Sputnik (magazine), a former Soviet magazine
• Sputnikmusic, a music website
• Sputnik (news agency), international multimedia platform operated by the Russian government
• Sputnik (radio station), a public German radio station
• Sputnik (singer) or Knut T. Storbukås, Norwegian country singer
• Sputnik (television programme), series on RT presented by George Galloway and his wife, Putri Gayatri Pertiwi
• TV 2 Sputnik, a Danish on-demand TV channel

In computing and networking:

• Sputnik (JavaScript conformance test)
• Sputnik (search engine), a search engine owned by Rostelecom

In biology:

• Sputnik virophage, a satellite virophage

The Sputnik rocket was an unmanned orbital carrier rocket designed by Sergei Korolev in the Soviet Union, derived from the R-7 Semyorka ICBM. On 4 October 1957, it was used to perform the world's first satellite launch, placing Sputnik 1 into a low Earth orbit.

Two versions of the Sputnik were built, the Sputnik-PS ( GRAU index 8K71PS), which was used to launch Sputnik 1 and later Sputnik 2, and the Sputnik (8A91), which failed to launch a satellite in April 1958, and subsequently launched 3 on 15 May 1958.

A later member of the R-7 family, the Polyot, used the same configuration as the Sputnik rocket, but was constructed from Voskhod components. Because of the similarity, the Polyot was sometimes known as the Sputnik 11A59.

Knut T. Storbukås (born 23 April 1943), more commonly known by his stage name, Sputnik, is a musician and truck driver from Bostrak in the village of Tørdal which is in the municipality of Drangedal, Telemark. His most well known songs are Skilles Johanne og Lukk opp din hjertedør Open Up Your Heart (And Let the Sunshine In).

In only a few years, Storbukås sold more than one million cassettes, and set records in a series of places where he performed. He was rated as artist of the year in Norway in 1990, and in the fall of 1993 he got into the The Guinness Book of World Records when he performed thirty-six times in locations from Mandal in the south to Tromsø in the north in the period of only 72 hours.

During Easter in 1990, he was in the Soviet Union and was a part of the most original music video that a Norwegian had ever made at the time. Under glasnost, Sputnik stood in Red Square in Moscow and sang Lukk opp din hjertedør. The video was later shown in its entirety in Norwegian on Dagsrevyen. Sputnik stole the show during the opening of TV2 in Grieghallen in the fall of 1992, in a duet with Kjell Bekkelund.

He has also performed in Sweden, Denmark, United States, Svalbard, Zanzibar, and Spain. However, most of all, he has performed hundreds of times in both big and small places around all of Norway. In the beginning, Sputnik received a harsh treatment from the critics, but he was loved by the people.

Today, Sputnik is a living legend, and a symbol of popularity in Norway. There are books written about Sputnik, and he has been mentioned in Stortinget. Norway's Prime Minister has visited Sputnik at his home, and each year thousands of his fans come to visit him at home in Bostrak. As a bunch of artists have done, in the United States and other places abroad, Sputnik has given everyone that wishes the permission to see his large collection of silver, gold, diamond, and platinum records in his own Sputnik Museum.

Sputnik was a Soviet magazine published from 1967 until 1991 by the Soviet press agency Novosti in several languages, targeted at both Eastern Bloc countries and Western nations. It was intended to be a Soviet equivalent to Reader's Digest, publishing news stories excerpted from the Soviet press in a similar size and paper.

Although already censored by the Soviet government, Sputnik was at times censored by the governments of countries at odds with the Kremlin, the most noted examples being East Germany in 1988 and Cuba in 1989.

Sputnik was a JavaScript conformance test suite. The purpose of the test suite was to determine how well a JavaScript implementation adheres to the ECMA-262 specification, 5th edition, looking only at those features that were also present in the 3rd edition. It contained over 5000 tests that touched all aspects of the JavaScript language.

The test was created in Russia for testing the conformance of the V8 JavaScript engine used in Google Chrome.

As part of phasing out Google Labs, Google has shut down Sputnik. All current Sputnik tests have been incorporated into ECMA's Test262 test suite.

Sputnik (pronounced spʊtnɪk) is an online news and radio broadcast service established by the Russian government-controlled news agency Rossiya Segodnya. Headquartered in Moscow, Sputnik has regional editorial offices in Washington, Cairo, Beijing and London. It focuses on global politics and economics and is geared entirely towards a non-Russian audience. Sputnik has been subject to accusations of bias and being a Russian propaganda outlet.

Sputnik News is a successor to Russian state-owned RIA Novosti's international branch, which became defunct in 2013. Whereas RIA Novosti's output tended to emanate from a more concentrated base in Moscow, Sputnik's content is drawn from a number of international bureaus. In 2015, Sputnik announced its intention to broadcast in 30 languages, with over 800 hours of radio programming a day, covering over 130 cities and 34 countries. According to its chief Dmitry Kiselyov, Sputnik intends to counter the "aggressive propaganda that is now being fed to the world".

Sputnik: Orbiting the world with George Galloway is a weekly television programme produced by RT UK presented by British politician George Galloway and his wife Gayatri. The series began its run on 16 November 2013, but was off-air because of the 2015 general election between 28 March 2015 (71) and 16 May 2015 (72).

The programme covers world affairs with expert guests in conversation with Mr. and Mrs. Galloway. It usually covers two separate stories; one in each half of the 30 minute slot.

There are some trademarks and catchphrases in each episode, including George Galloway, just before turning to social media contributions, saying: "What's rattling, Gayatri?", and his sign-off: "It's been marvellous!"

Sputnik is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

• Sputnik, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a settlement in Travnikovsky Selsoviet of Chebarkulsky District in Chelyabinsk Oblast;
• Sputnik, Krasnodar Krai, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Chernomorsky Settlement Okrug in Seversky District of Krasnodar Krai;
• Sputnik, Moscow Oblast, a settlement in Sputnik Rural Settlement of Mozhaysky District in Moscow Oblast;
• Sputnik, Murmansk Oblast, an inhabited locality under the administrative jurisdiction of Pechenga Urban-Type Settlement in Pechengsky District of Murmansk Oblast;
• Sputnik, Novosibirsk Oblast, a settlement in Cherepanovsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast;
• Sputnik, Samara Oblast, a settlement in Volzhsky District of Samara Oblast
• Sputnik, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a settlement in Gayevsky Selsoviet of Irbitsky District in Sverdlovsk Oblast