What is "rollkur"

Rollkur or hyperflexion of the horse's neck is a practice in equestrianism defined as "flexion of the horse's neck achieved through aggressive force" and is banned by the world governing body, the International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI). The FEI recognises a distinction between rollkur and the riding of the horse in a deep outline not achieved by force.

The technique has been controversial for some time in equestrian circles, including the set up of specific petitions and boycotts (including a threatened boycott of the London 2012 Olympics) to promote banning of the practice. Despite the controversy, the technique has been used by dressage and show jumping riders. The FEI moved to ban the practice following the release of video of Swedish dressage rider Patrik Kittel using rollkur during warm up at a competition in Denmark where the horse's tongue appeared to turn blue as a result of the manoeuvre.