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reflectometry

n. (context physics English) the science of the design and use of reflectometers

Wikipedia
Reflectometry

Reflectometry is a noninvasive technique that allows the analysis of properties of a medium. This technique is based on the reflection of waves at the interface of interest. Waves propagate into a medium (according to the laws of propagation into the medium studied) and when they encounter a discontinuity (impedance break), part of their energy is reflected back to injection point. The analysis of the reflected signal can reveal information about the system or the medium under consideration.