Wikipedia
Rav-Kav (, lit. "multi-line") is a form of electronic ticketing used in all bus companies and the national railway in Israel. Launched in August 2007, Rav-Kav was expected to be integrated by all public transportation companies nationwide by late 2009, bureaucratic problems have caused this date to be pushed back several times.
Once the project is completed, Rav-Kav is expected to replace all the existing paper tickets, and serve as a joint fare collection system for the different public transportation operators in the country. It is also expected that Rav-Kav will shorten boarding times significantly, as the existing system of purchasing tickets from the bus driver in cash is considered to be messy and dangerous.