What is "raphanin"

n. (context biochemistry English) The main sulfur component found in radish seeds of ''Raphanus sativus'' and in broccoli and red cabbage.

Raphanin is the main sulfur component found in radish seeds of Raphanus sativus and is also found in broccoli and red cabbage. It was first described by G. Ivanovics and S. Horvath in 1947. Raphanin inhibits activity of viruses, some fungi and various bacteria including Staphylococus, Streptococus, Pneumococcus and Escherichia coli (see table). The effect is stronger against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria and against DNA than RNA viruses; it is suppressed by serum and by sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptoacetic acid, cystine and glutathione. The antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral effects from consuming radishes were recognized in traditional Chinese medicine. Given that Raphanin can be chiefly responsible for keeping the production of thyroxine and calcitonin in normal balance, in Russia, radishes have long been used for treating both types of thyroid problems. However, in the abstract to his 1947 paper, Ivanovics noted that because raphanin is highly toxic, it did not "hold the promise of a useful therapeutic agent".

Minimum inhibitory concentration of raphanin

Bacteria

MIC (mg/mL)

Staphylococus

0.04

Shigella dysenteriae

0.125

Salmonella typhi

0.125

Escherichia coli

0.2