adjective
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a racial assault
▪ The four young Asian men were victims of a vicious racial assault.
a racial attack
▪ Staffordshire police are treating the incident as a racial attack.
a racial disturbance (=between people of different races)
▪ Black people were still repressed and racial disturbances continued.
a racial group
▪ Schools should not stereotype pupils from certain racial groups as troublemakers.
cultural/political/racial etc divide
▪ people on both sides of the political divide
cultural/racial/class barriers
▪ Sport is a sure way to break down racial barriers.
ethnic/racial conflict (=between people of different races)
▪ The ethnic conflict in the region has become violent.
ethnic/racial diversity (=including people from many different races)
▪ The school's curriculum reflects the ethnic diversity of its students.
physical/sexual/racial abuse
▪ Many children suffer racial abuse at school.
political/gender/racial etc bias
▪ political bias in the press
political/racial/sexual etc oppression
▪ They suffered years of political oppression.
racial inequality
▪ The party has promised to fight racial inequality.
racial integration
▪ problems of racial integration
racial prejudice
▪ a novel about a young white boy who is forced to confront his racial prejudice
racial segregation
▪ racial segregation
racial tension
▪ Racial tension boiled over and riots quickly spread.
racial/class/gender etc division
▪ The old class divisions had begun to break down.
racial/ethnic violence (=between people of different racial/ethnic groups)
▪ There were outbreaks of racial violence in some cities.
racial/race discrimination
▪ Laws have been passed banning racial discrimination.
racial/race hatred
▪ Feelings of racial hatred were drummed into him as a child.
racial/racist stereotypes
▪ The novel has been criticized for reinforcing racial stereotypes.
racial/religious intolerance
racial/sexual equality
▪ The minister is a well-known campaigner for racial equality.
racial/sexual etc overtones
▪ football songs with violent overtones
racial/social inequity
▪ a report on racial inequity in the UK
racial/social/political harmony
▪ We aim to promote racial harmony through shared sporting activities.
sexual/racial harassment (=because of someone’s sex or race)
▪ We need effective strategies to combat sexual harassment in the workplace.
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADVERB
up
▪ If their tendency is that they are likely or intended to stir up racial hatred, that is sufficient. 4.
▪ And within the field, status comes from puffing up racial bragging points.
■ NOUN
abuse
▪ Some ethnic minority elders may find the continuing experience of hostility and racial abuse which they experience very hard to bear.
▪ Some critics say the prisons should hire more blacks to help curb racial abuse.
▪ People we spoke to in Ross said that people involved in racial abuse were in the minority.
▪ A lot of racial abuse and harassment goes on.
▪ Their children had begun to face racial abuse on the streets and in the schools.
▪ I can never condone coin-throwing or racial abuse.
attack
▪ It looks at some appalling racial attacks, including a skinhead raid last June on a Gypsy camp near Naples.
▪ These precautions are essential because of the danger of racial attacks.
▪ We will continue to ensure that the full force of the law is used to deal with racial attacks.
▪ After he was elected in November he revealed that he been the subject of racial attacks during his campaign.
▪ Their gathering for the bus ride home is often the occasion for a racial attack.
barrier
▪ On the field, the racial barriers are coming down.
▪ Qualified academically to serve their people, they can not do so because of racial barriers bristling in their way.
▪ Baseball has had four black managers since Jackie Robinson broke the sport's racial barrier in 1947.
bias
▪ In practice the Act requires teachers to avoid racial bias in the performance of their teaching and pastoral duties.
▪ But this looks like racial bias, it smells like racial bias, it is racial bias of the worst kind.
▪ Women's groups also resented the imposition of limits for gender discrimination while damages for racial bias were unlimited.
▪ But this looks like racial bias, it smells like racial bias, it is racial bias of the worst kind.
▪ The signing of Tendulkar was described as a whitewash merely to cover racial bias.
▪ Congress may adopt a racial-justice amendment that would allow blacks to appeal against conviction on the ground of systematic racial bias.
▪ Mark Fuhrman, who was subsequently criticized for racial bias by both defense lawyers and prosecutors.
difference
▪ Such anxieties are still informed by nineteenth-century pseudo-scientific genetic and biological explanations of racial difference and comprise distortion, fantasy and myth.
▪ But this has led anthropologists to exaggerate the motes of racial difference and to ignore the beams of similarity.
▪ By implication it denies racial differences in facial structure, body size and a number of metabolic predispositions.
▪ This divergence tells us nothing about racial differences.
▪ Arguments such as Younge's are apparently intended to forestall any extrapolation to racial differences in intelligence.
▪ Is that because of the racial difference or the difference in the burden of proof in criminal and civil cases?
▪ Exactly the same double bind is encountered in any theorization of racial difference.
▪ In contrast to her daughter, Cynthia is volatile, hyper-emotional and needy, inverting stereotypical images of racial difference.
disadvantage
▪ Additionally, he accepted the need to tackle racial disadvantage and other social issues.
▪ Other reactions have concentrated on the issue of the interplay between inner-city decay and racial disadvantage in contemporary Britain.
▪ Physical and mental ill-health, social disadvantage, and racial disadvantage are other areas that might be cited as examples.
▪ Courts were generally regarded as fair, and in some cases as attempting to compensate for racial disadvantage.
discrimination
▪ We will eliminate racial discrimination in housing allocation and improve safety on estates.
▪ Business is booming for an Avis franchisee in the Carolinas despite well-publicized allegations of racial discrimination against customers.
▪ It also found that he was the subject of racial discrimination by the police force during its investigation of him.
▪ Co. have sued the securities firm for alleged racial discrimination over an electronic mailing they said contained racist jokes.
▪ Socioeconomic differences themselves often resulted from racial discrimination, especially in employment and housing.
▪ It was charged with finding and ending racial discrimination in war industries under government contract.
▪ He also reported that racial discrimination was endemic in the schools of employees' children.
▪ Often, boycotts have been instigated by domestic issues such as gay rights, racial discrimination and labor disputes.
divide
▪ The offspring of such a union are never quite accepted - on either side of the racial divide.
▪ Some would call it a racial divide.
▪ Similarly, the racial divide may be changing in the suburbs.
▪ From his side of the racial divide, the ordeal of mobilization proved simply redundant.
division
▪ Stations jealous of their disciplines maintained a class and racial division on specific parts of the platform and between platforms.
▪ We have to continue to heal the racial divisions that still tear at our nation.
▪ He was untiring in his efforts to overcome racial divisions and gender inequalities.
▪ Yet the president is sharply criticized for convening a national forum to discuss our racial divisions.
▪ The verdict stunned many trial watchers and exposed deep racial divisions within the United States.
epithet
▪ After last season's playoff loss to the Pacers, vandals spray-painted racial epithets in Iverson's backyard.
▪ The two men, once so close, fight violently, Doug hurling racial epithets at Paul.
▪ They invented racial epithets that showed the same imagination which put humankind upon the moon.
▪ There were additional complaints about McCree, who is black, claiming discrimination and using racial epithets against his white co-workers.
equality
▪ Twenty-six racial equality officers came to the university to enrol in classes for the first ever diploma in race and community relations.
▪ Perhaps nothing can bring about racial equality, Wicker notes grimly.
▪ Public bodies will have a duty to assess the impact on racial equality of proposed policies and services.
▪ A racial equality steering committee has now been set up to monitor discrimination in Darlington and the county as a whole.
group
▪ The Elton Committee urged schools not to stereotype pupils from certain racial groups as troublemakers.
▪ And the idea of establishing another racial group in this racially fraught country is extreme.
▪ But in doing so they must not restrict the opportunities for one gender or racial group.
▪ It is plainly true that in our society blacks have suffered discrimination immeasurably greater than any directed at other racial groups.
▪ The distinction between a racial group as opposed to a religious one is by no means clear cut.
▪ Why were they dropping out at a higher rate than any other ethnic or racial group?
▪ All humans share 99.99 per cent of their genetic information and there is more variation within racial groups than between them.
▪ There can be no neat and tidy pluralistic separation of racial groups in this country.
harassment
▪ The question of sexuality further complicates racialized encounters, such as racial harassment and violence.
▪ Mobilization became more difficult but community-based resistance against police violence, racial harassment, and other problems continued.
▪ Is not it time to have a specific crime of racial harassment, as I proposed in my 1985 Racial Harassment Bill?
▪ His family said he had been subjected to a campaign of racial harassment and death threats.
▪ Instances of police racial harassment which had always happened to other people, were now happening to us.
▪ Only society itself can make the fundamental change that is required to make racial harassment a part of history.
harmony
▪ Local authorities also have a specific duty to carry out their functions in such a way as will promote racial harmony.
▪ Back in class, Miss Grimhle gave a lecture on racial harmony.
▪ The account, I consider, is not conducive to professional or racial harmony.
▪ The centre has promoted racial harmony.
▪ Ordinarily. the city was a model of racial harmony.
▪ Read Charles Evers' book and hold him up as a model of racial harmony.
hatred
▪ If their tendency is that they are likely or intended to stir up racial hatred, that is sufficient. 4.
▪ To date, there have been no prosecutions for this version of the offence of inciting to racial hatred.
▪ Mihailovic is said to be under police investigation on charges of incitement to racial hatred.
▪ Judge McKinnon had been widely criticized for comments made during his hearing of a case of inciting racial hatred.
▪ We have given the police stronger powers to deal with racial hatred.
▪ Now the same ugly forces of racial hatred are beginning to rear their heads again.
identity
▪ It is curious and extremely unfortunate that this evidence has been ignored and the significance of racial identity minimised.
▪ More children growing up in a world so increasingly diverse that stock racial identities no longer hold up.
▪ Consequently, they may neglect the child's need to develop a balanced racial identity and thereby a well-integrated personality.
▪ New cultural and political spaces have been opened up, and hegemonic racial identities and structures have been loosened.
▪ For them the vital issue of racial identity confusion does not exist.
▪ It is often the children of such families who have the most profound racial identity crisis.
incident
▪ Another factor is that police have improved their recording of racial incidents.
▪ Janet began college in the late l98Os and remembers the racial incidents of that period.
▪ The Washington Post, like other newspapers, played-up alleged racial incidents to bolster scare headlines.
▪ Most of those who were interviewed believed the campus is not aggressive enough in dealing with racial incidents.
▪ An even more sensational racial incident in the summer of 1946 was cause for great public and administrative concern.
inequality
▪ Questions of peace and war, global distributive justice, gender and racial inequality, and environmental degradation concern us all.
integration
▪ Does my hon. Friend agree that it does the cause of racial integration no good at all that our procedures should be abused?
▪ As in the racial integration discussed earlier, this is more than a matter of equal opportunity.
intolerance
▪ Other factors contributing to a negative view of Britain were the royal family, violence in Northern Ireland and racial intolerance.
▪ Even more important, the pace of disengagement among whites has been uncorrelated with racial intolerance or support for segregation.
issue
▪ Thus are the racial issues of education and class triumphantly resolved.
▪ So now Clinton does Ike one better: He has created a seven-member commission to study racial issues.
▪ Many blacks remained far from contented, yet two factors helped the President's effort to quieten the racial issue.
▪ For whites, the fatigue often stems from seeing the case portrayed as a racial issue.
▪ The kind of knowledge which can be learnt through classic realist texts mitigates against a detailed, productive analysis of racial issues.
▪ By not emphasizing the racial issue, the blacks in turn depended on the independents they voted for to protect them.
▪ There is a particularly sensitive racial issue, too.
▪ The ethnic and racial issues especially threw her.
justice
▪ He has a deep commitment to racial justice.
▪ Did anybody in my milieu have any understanding of racial justice, of the need for black power?
lines
▪ A less happy consequence is political resegregation along racial lines, with Republicans the party for whites, Democrats for blacks.
▪ That change, too, follows racial lines.
▪ However, residents said the second stage of the trouble had clearly been on racial lines.
▪ In their studio, gritty Delta edges were given a smooth, appealing, urban sheen that crossed easily over racial lines.
▪ There, politics and politicians frequently divide along racial lines.
▪ Beyond the financial problems, there is new concern that historically tolerant California is developing a culture sharply divided along racial lines.
▪ Already they have stopped voting along purely racial lines.
minority
▪ A high-octane mix of racial minorities, a flair for riots and looting.
▪ And that is how racial minorities can actually benefit the most in politics.
▪ In some countries, national and racial minorities meant that total population figures do not tell the whole story about military strength.
▪ I think gay people have become a target group for people who no longer target racial minorities.
▪ Mead also said Heller, Ehrman encouraged him to promote the firm as a progressive company for racial minorities and gays.
▪ Diabetes affects older people and racial minorities disproportionately.
▪ Added to the general problem of urban unemployment was the high concentration of impoverished racial minorities and immigrants in inner-city neighborhoods.
oppression
▪ What matters are the structures of power, the institutions and the social practices that produce racial oppression and discriminatory outcomes.
▪ Or an end to racial oppression?
origin
▪ Then there are those families who emphasise differences by their awareness of the racial origin of the child.
▪ People are immensely flexible in their habits, depending on their racial origin, religion, wealth, and ecology.
overtone
▪ This message had clearly coded racial overtones and appealed to many working-class whites, particularly in rural areas of the recession-hit state.
▪ But there are clear racial overtones, which the press has been quick to highlight.
polarization
▪ That might be an indication of some racial polarization.
▪ Instead of us moving closer and closer to integration, we seem to be moving closer to racial polarization.
▪ But these things, though much needed, only address the symptoms of a society racked by racial polarization.
politics
▪ Now his campaign is threatening to self-destruct because of a controversy over racial politics involving the comedian Jackie Mason.
▪ Recession has brought back racial politics.
preference
▪ The continuing, and heated, judicial debate on racial preference indicates that the ultimate outcome of this controversy remains in doubt.
▪ The two made it clear they oppose any program based on racial preference, calling them exclusionary.
prejudice
▪ These terms are obviously meant to degrade Tom and this also shows racial prejudice although not to such a great extent.
▪ Sometimes overcoming enormous odds, mostly because of racial prejudice, black athletes changed the sporting landscape in the United States.
▪ I've seen evidence of his denouncing racial prejudice in others, and it greatly impressed me.
▪ Two more forms of racial prejudice are shown here.
▪ Crocker was a child of integration and his lack of racial prejudice in music showed it.
▪ One or two other teachers were encouraged by my willingness to argue against racial prejudice and became more vocal themselves.
▪ And attitude surveys in Britain have been recording a steady decline in racial prejudice.
problem
▪ The teacher told him that it was a religious class, dealing with racial problems.
▪ Wise said he has spoken at more than 100 campuses nationwide, a third of which had some type of racial problem.
▪ A history of racial problems plagues the facility.
purity
▪ National fears gave a minor stimulus to arguments for racial purity.
▪ Nobody had mentioned the myth of racial purity in your columns until Helen Bews intervened.
segregation
▪ It remains to this day one of the most potent monuments to racial segregation.
▪ Legal racial segregation has been outlawed; blacks have the vote; votes are pretty much equal in value.
▪ A Negro dies of heart failure, they blame it on racial segregation.
slur
▪ The caller complained about racial slurs made by co-workers at the company.
stereotype
▪ Contrary to racial stereotypes, Georg has a sense of humour.
▪ The novel has been criticized for being offensive to blacks and for reinforcing racial stereotypes.
▪ With others we have prejudicial associations at the level of racial stereotypes.
▪ He talked about Hollywood, and the old racial stereotypes in the movies.
superiority
▪ Swiney proposed that women's racial superiority was evidenced both by their physical and mental capabilities and in their internal cellular composition.
▪ The Holocaust shows what happened when the Western doctrine of racial superiority was taken to its ultimate extreme.
▪ I believe that the major discontinuity lies in the discursive forms through which positions of racial superiority are constructed.
▪ One of these beliefs may be racial superiority, but does not have to be.
tension
▪ He says they've led to racial tension, crime and drug abuse.
▪ Both were involved in high-profile incidents last semester that heightened racial tensions on campus.
▪ Foreign Secretary Douglas Hurd said that Britain could not risk a new rise in racial tension through immigration.
▪ At this time, the civil rights movement was blooming, and the city felt racial tension.
▪ Longstanding racial tensions and complaints of persistent police harassment of young people underlay the incidents.
▪ Plenty of dope, the occasional weapon, racial tension.
▪ In addition, there was racial tension.
▪ The year was 1921, and Tulsa, Oklahoma, seethed with racial tension.
tolerance
▪ It was heartening to see the huge demonstration of support for democracy and racial tolerance in Vienna recently.
▪ There is far more high-mindedness, racial tolerance and intellectual curiosity than you might expect.
violence
▪ But now there is a new kind of racial violence in schools - girls attacking girls.
▪ The fear of racial violence was provoked by Conservative politician Enoch Powell.
▪ A police spokeswoman said the outbreak was not connected to racial violence in nearby Oldham last month.
▪ The year of the Hodges decision, 1906, was punctuated with racial violence.
▪ Black people have always known racial violence to be a criminal offence and Black people always reported incidents to the police.
▪ In both 1988 and 1989, combatting racial violence has been a priority for the Metropolitan Police.
▪ The federal army in the South, in keeping with the 1877 Compromise, largely ignored instances of racial violence.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ racial equality
▪ Racial violence used to be commonplace on the streets of the city.
▪ In Jamaica black and white people have lived together in racial harmony for many years.
▪ Local police deny that have used racial profiling when stopping motorists.
▪ Los Angeles County has over 150 racial and ethnic groups in it.
▪ Some people complained of racial discrimination in the way housing was allocated.
▪ The event is designed to promote racial harmony.
▪ We welcome all of you, whatever your racial background.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ A black street-sweeper; they have a racial situation.
▪ But this has led anthropologists to exaggerate the motes of racial difference and to ignore the beams of similarity.
▪ It can also imply that all the experiences and aspirations of their members are exhausted by the fact of racial subordination.
▪ Lots of ethnic and racial cracks.
▪ On the field, the racial barriers are coming down.
▪ Other reactions have concentrated on the issue of the interplay between inner-city decay and racial disadvantage in contemporary Britain.
▪ Some would call it a racial divide.
▪ The heads of civil rights organizations that gathered for the announcement praised Flagstar for making real racial progress.