Crossword clues for protestantism
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Protestantism \Prot"es*tant*ism\, n. [Cf. F. protestantisme.] The quality or state of being protestant, especially against the Roman Catholic Church; the principles or religion of the Protestants.
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
1640s, from French protestantisme or else formed from Protestant + -ism.
Wikipedia
Protestantism is a form of Christian faith and practice which originated with the Protestant Reformation, a movement against what its followers considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church. It is one of the three major divisions of Christendom, together with Roman Catholicism and Orthodoxy. Anglicanism is sometimes considered to be independent from Protestantism. The term derives from the letter of protestation from German princes in 1529 against an edict condemning the teachings of Martin Luther as heretical.
With its origins in Germany, the modern movement is popularly considered to have begun in 1517 when Luther published his Ninety-Five Theses as a reaction against abuses in the sale of indulgences, which purported to offer remission of sin to their purchasers. Although there were earlier breaks from or attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church—notably by Peter Waldo, John Wycliffe, and Jan Hus—only Luther succeeded in sparking a wider, lasting movement.
All Protestant denominations reject the notion of papal supremacy over the Church universal and generally deny the Roman Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation, but they disagree among themselves regarding the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist. The various denominations generally emphasize the priesthood of all believers, the doctrine of justification by faith alone (sola fide) rather than by or with good works, and a belief in the Bible alone (rather than with sacred tradition) as the highest authority in matters of faith and morals ( sola scriptura). The " Five solae" summarize the reformers' basic differences in theological beliefs in opposition to the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church of the day.
Protestantism spread in Europe during the 16th century. Lutheranism spread from Germany into its surrounding areas, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, the Baltic states, and Iceland, as well as other smaller territories. Reformed churches were founded primarily in Germany and its adjacent regions, Hungary, the Netherlands, Scotland, Switzerland and France by such reformers as John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and John Knox. The political separation of the Church of England from Rome under King Henry VIII brought England alongside this broad Reformation movement. In later centuries, Protestants developed their own culture, which made major contributions in education, the humanities and sciences, the political and social order, the economy and the arts, and other fields.
Collectively encompassing more than 900 million adherents, or nearly forty percent of Christians worldwide, Protestantism is present on all populated continents. The movement is more divided theologically and ecclesiastically than either Eastern Orthodoxy or Roman Catholicism, lacking both structural unity and central human authority. Some Protestant denominations do have a worldwide scope and distribution of membership, while others are confined to a single country. A majority of Protestants are members of just a handful of denominational families: Adventism, Anglicanism, Baptist churches, Reformed churches, Lutheranism, Methodism, and Pentecostalism. Nondenominational, evangelical, charismatic, independent and other churches are on the rise, and constitute a significant part of Protestant Christianity.
Usage examples of "protestantism".
They were impressed by the fact that Protestantism had outgrown and discarded Luther, that Arminians in Holland, the Lutherans of the University of Helmstedt, the French schools of Sedan and Saumur, the Caroline divines in England, and even Puritans like Leighton and Baxter, were as much opposed as themselves to the doctrine of justification, which was the origin of the Protestant movement.
PRE-REFORMERS The men who, in later ages, claimed for their ancestors a Protestantism older than the Augsburg Confession, referred its origins not to the mystics nor to the humanists, but to bold leaders branded by the church as heretics.
His father was a clothworker - a member of one of the educated, urban trades which, along with printers, bookbinders and booksellers, upholsterers, pewterers, barbers and cooks, provided the seed-bed in which early Protestantism grew in England, as in the rest of Europe.
Hapsburg with connections to a minor German royal family that had immigrated to England with nothing but their Protestantism to recommend them, and which had recently changed its name to one of less Hunnish sound as a gesture of patriotism.
Crane Brinton, professor of ancient and modern history at Harvard, identified humanism, Protestantism and rationalism as the three great ideas making the modern world.
Inquisition, Jesuitry, in one word, all the peculiarities of Catholicism developed through the power of the same formal process of reasoning, so that Protestantism itself, which the Catholics reproach with rationalism, developed directly out of the rationalism of Catholicism.
Protestantism, which is paving the way to the mesothetic art of the future.
I have had many private letters showing the same revolt of reasoning natures against doctrines which shock the more highly civilized part of mankind in this nineteenth century and are leading to those dissensions which have long shown as cracks, and are fast becoming lines of cleavage in some of the largest communions of Protestantism.
Even now Home Rule is regarded by the multitude as a weapon to be used against Protestantism in behalf of the Pope.
Ecclesiasticism and Constitutionalism send us one way, Protestantism and Anarchism the other.
We avoid them, which it is not difficult to do, as we have the brand of Protestantism and Anglicism upon us.
Warwick, however, in his devious way, had no intention of setting up a Catholic administration because he was in no doubt that the King, who would come of age in a few short years' time, had by now firmly and passionately embraced Protestantism.
He was certainly strong enough to revoke the Edict of Nantes in 1685 and outlaw Protestantism in France.
We ask whether it is this evangelical meekness which has excited your interminable wars between your sects, your atrocious persecutions of pretended heretics, your crusades against Arianism, Manicheism, Protestantism, without speaking of your crusades against us, and of those sacrilegious associations, still subsisting, of men who take an oath to continue them?
She therefore insisted that the new Act be implemented with due rigour, and issued many directives to the authorities concerned, especially in London, where Protestantism had taken root more deeply than elsewhere, urging them to be diligent in seeking out and punishing heresy, and commanding, 'Touching punishment of heretics, methinketh it ought to be done without rashness, not leaving in the meanwhile to do justice to such as by learning would seem to deceive the simple.