What is "otjize"

Otjize is a mixture of butterfat and ochre pigment used by the Himba tribe of Namibia to protect themselves from the harsh desert climate. The paste (Otjize) is often perfumed with the aromatic resin of the Omuzumba shrub. The mixture lends the skin a deep orange or reddish tinge. This symbolises earth's rich red color and blood the essence of life, and is the Himba ideal of beauty. The Himba use the same paste (Otjize) in their hair which is long and plaited into intricate designs.

Otjize is also used for hygienic purposes due to the scarcity of water. Over time, otjize flakes off, removing dirt and dead skin. Wood ash is used to wash the hair.