What is "nanjing"

Nanjing \Nanjing\, Nanking \Nanking\prop. n. a former capital of China.

Nanjing means 'southern capital', and now is the name of capital of Jiangsu Province and a former capital of China. It was formerly romanized as Nanking or Nankin.

Nanjing or Nanking may also refer to:

• Nanjing (Liao Dynasty), the name for Beijing during the Liao dynasty (907–1125)
• Nanjing, a historical name for Kaifeng
• Nanjing, a historical name for Shangqiu
• Nanjing County, in Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
• Nan Jing (Chinese medicine)
• Nanking (1938 film), a Japanese documentary film
• Nanking (2007 film), a 2007 film about the 1937 Nanking Massacre
• Nanking Cherry, a deciduous shrub
• Kobe Chinatown also known as Nankin-machi or Nanjing Town (; )
• 2078 Nanking, an asteroid

Nankin may also refer to:

• Nankin bantam, a bantam breed of chicken

Nanjing was the name for Beijing during the Liao dynasty, when Khitan rulers made the city the southern capital. To distinguish Nanjing, which literally means "South Capital" in Chinese, from modern Nanjing in Jiangsu Province, Chinese historians sometimes refer to Beijing during the Liao dynasty as Liao Nanjing . The Khitan rulers of the Liao acquired the city, then known as Youzhou, in the cession of the Sixteen Prefectures in 938 from the Later Jin, and the city was officially renamed Nanjing, Youdu Fu . In 1012, the city was renamed Nanjing, Xijin Fu . The city was also colloquially referred to at the time as Yanjing. In 1122, the city was captured by the Jurchen Jin dynasty and was officially renamed Yanjing, ending the use of Nanjing for what is today modern Beijing.

Nanjing , formerly romanized as Nanking and Nankin, is the capital of Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China and the second largest city in the east China region, with a total population of 8,230,000, Situated in the heartland of the Yangtze River Delta, it has long been a major center of culture, education, research, politics, economy, transport networks and tourism, and legally remains the de jure capital of Republic of China which lost the mainland during the civil war. The city has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having served as the capitals of various Chinese dynasties, kingdoms and republican governments dating from the 3rd century AD to 1949. Nanjing has a number of other names, and some historical names are now used as names of districts of the city, and among them there is the name Jiangning , whose former character Jiang (, River) is the former part of the name Jiangsu and latter character Ning (, simplified form , Peace) is the short name of Nanjing. When being the capital of a state, for instance, the ROC, Jing is adopted as the abbreviation of Nanjing. Although as a city located in southern part of China becoming Chinese national capital as early as in Jin dynasty, the name Nanjing was designated to the city in Ming dynasty, about a thousand years later. Nanjing is particularly known as Jinling or Ginling (, literally "Gold Mountain") and the old name has been used since the Warring States Period in Zhou Dynasty.

Located in Yangtze River Delta area and the center of east China, Nanjing is home to one of the world's largest inland ports. Nanjing is also one of the fifteen sub-provincial cities in the People's Republic of China's administrative structure, enjoying jurisdictional and economic autonomy only slightly less than that of a province. Nanjing has been ranked seventh in the evaluation of "Cities with Strongest Comprehensive Strength" issued by the National Statistics Bureau, and second in the evaluation of cities with most sustainable development potential in the Yangtze River Delta. It has also been awarded the title of 2008 Habitat Scroll of Honour of China, Special UN Habitat Scroll of Honour Award and National Civilized City. Nanjing boasts many high-quality universities and research institutes, with the number of universities listed in 100 National Key Universities ranking third, including Nanjing University. The ratio of college students to total population ranks No.1 among large cities nationwide. Nanjing is one of the three Chinese top research centers according to Nature Index.

Nanjing, one of the nation's most important cities for over a thousand years, is recognized as one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, and had been the world's largest city aggregately for hundreds of years, enjoyed peace and prosperity and suffering wars and disasters. Nanjing served as the capital of Eastern Wu, one of the three major states in the Three Kingdoms period (211–280); the Eastern Jin and each of the Southern Dynasties ( Liu Song, Southern Qi, Liang and Chen), which successively ruled southern China from 317–589; the Southern Tang, one of the Ten Kingdoms (937–76); the Ming dynasty when, for the first time, all of China was ruled from the city (1368–1421); and the Republic of China (1927–37, 1945–49) prior to its flight to Taiwan during the Chinese Civil War. The city also served as the seat of the rebel Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (1851–64) and the Japanese puppet regime of Wang Jingwei (1940–45) during the Second Sino-Japanese War, and suffered appalling atrocities in both conflicts, including the Nanjing Massacre. It has been serving as the capital city of Jiangsu province after the People's Republic of China was established, and is still the nominal capital of the Republic of China that accommodates many of its important heritage sites, including the Presidential Palace and Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. Nanjing is famous for human historical landscapes, mountains and waters such as Fuzimiao, Ming Palace, Chaotian Palace, Porcelain Tower, Drum Tower, Stone City, City Wall, Qinhuai River, Xuanwu Lake and Purple Mountain. Key cultural facilities include Nanjing Library, Nanjing Museum and Art Museum.