Wikipedia
Marxan
MARXAN is software designed to aid systematic reserve design on conservation planning. With the use of stochastic optimisation routines ( Simulated Annealing) it generates spatial reserve systems that achieve particular biodiversity representation goals with reasonable optimality.
Computationally, MARXAN provides solutions to a conservation version of the 0-1 knapsack problem, where the objects of interest are potential reserve sites with given biological attributes. The simulated annealing algorithm attempts to minimise the total cost of the reserve system, while achieving a set of conservation goals (typically that a certain percentage of each geographical/biological feature is represented by the reserve system).