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Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
maiden name
noun
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ And I see no point in reverting to my maiden name since that belonged to my father.
▪ Or is Jones your maiden name?
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Maiden name

Maiden \Maid"en\, a.

  1. Of or pertaining to a maiden, or to maidens; suitable to, or characteristic of, a virgin; as, maiden innocence. ``Amid the maiden throng.''
    --Addison.

    Have you no modesty, no maiden shame ?
    --Shak.

  2. Never having been married; not having had sexual intercourse; virgin; -- said usually of the woman, but sometimes of the man; as, a maiden aunt. ``A surprising old maiden lady.''
    --Thackeray.

  3. Fresh; innocent; unpolluted; pure; hitherto unused. ``Maiden flowers.''
    --Shak.

    Full bravely hast thou fleshed Thy maiden sword.
    --Shak.

  4. Used of a fortress, signifying that it has never been captured, or violated. -- T. Warton. Macaulay.

    Maiden assize (Eng. Law), an assize which there is no criminal prosecution; an assize which is unpolluted with blood. It was usual, at such an assize, for the sheriff to present the judge with a pair of white gloves.
    --Smart.

    Maiden name, the surname of a woman before her marriage.

    Maiden pink. (Bot.) See under Pink.

    Maiden plum (Bot.), a West Indian tree ( Comocladia integrifolia) with purplish drupes. The sap of the tree is glutinous, and gives a persistent black stain.

    Maiden speech, the first speech made by a person, esp. by a new member in a public body.

    Maiden tower, the tower most capable of resisting an enemy.

    maiden voyage the first regular service voyage of a ship.

Wiktionary
maiden name

n. A married woman's original last name; her name when she was a maiden.

WordNet
maiden name

n. a woman's surname before marriage

Usage examples of "maiden name".

I am descended from John Adams on my grandmother's side (her maiden name was Bates, and her family came to America on the Mayflower).

Her maiden name was Bologna and in 1955 she lived in the Twin Peaks area.

My maiden name, Charters, is also Scots, a corruption of the name Charteris.