What is "kupamanduka"

Kupamanduka/ Kupamanduka-nyaya is a Sanskrit language expression. Literally it means; "frog in a well". The phrase is used in relation to a person who considers his knowledge horizon as the limit of human knowledge. Amartya Sen opines that its meaning carries a caution in opposition to insularity. Kupamanduka denotes a propensity to bigotry and intolerance and the inability to be positive, or paranoia. Mohammad Bakri Musa likens it to the Malay language phrase katak di bawah tempurong (frogs under a coconut shell).