Wikipedia
Kosala was an ancient Indian kingdom, corresponding roughly in area with the region of Awadh in present-day Uttar Pradesh. It emerged as a small state during the late Vedic period, with connections to the neighboring realm of Videha. According to the Buddhist text Anguttara Nikaya and the Jaina text, the Bhagavati Sutra, Kosala was one of the Solasa (sixteen) Mahajanapadas (powerful realms) in 6th to 5th centuries BCE and its cultural and political strength earned it the status of a great power. However, it was later weakened by a series of wars with the neighbouring kingdom of Magadha and, in the 4th century BCE, was finally absorbed by it.
The Kosala region had three major cities, Ayodhya, Saket and Shravasti, and a number of minor towns as Setavya, Ukattha, Dandakappa, Nalakapana and Pankadha. According to the Puranas and the Ramayana epic, Ayodhya was the capital of Kosala during the reign of Ikshvaku and his descendants. Shravasti is recorded as the capital of Kosala during the Mahajanapada period (6th–5th centuries BCE), but post-Maurya (2nd–1st centuries BCE) kings issued their coins from Ayodhya (see below).
Kosala is a 1963 novel in the Marathi language by author Bhalchandra Nemade. It narrates the journey of a young man, Pandurang Sangvikar and his friends through his college years.
The novel has been written in an epistolary fashion, where it reads like a number of diary entries. The language of the protagonist, Sangvikar, is an instrument in divulging his worldview. He uses a Marathi dialect spoken in rural Maharashtra. Despite the pessimistic undertones, there is an element of humour throughout the novel. Another technique employed by the author is that the narration describes "historical investigations" often undertaken by Sangvikar and his friend Suresh Bapat, which ultimately uncover to them the absurdity and pathos of their conditions.
The novel is an account of years spent by a student from rural part of Maharashtra to very urbane Pune to pursue higher studies. The novel when read by different age groups brings completely different experience and perception. The most noteworthy aspect of this novel is its completely different flavor of Marathi language. No one before and possibly after Nemade (including himself in subsequent work) has successfully attempted such. There is no romanticism associated to the hostel life portrayed in this novel, which is generally done. The central character, Pandurang is unusually cynical despite his age.
The narration style is influenced by The Catcher in the Rye.
"Kosla" has been translated in many Indian languages and also in English. The available translations of "Kosla" are as follows:
- Kosla (Hindi) published by National Book Trust, New Delhi (1983)
- Kosheto (Gujrati) published by National Book Trust, New Delhi (1995)
- Kosla (Kannada) published by National Book Trust, New Delhi (1995)
- Palur Vah (Assami)published by National Book Trust, New Delhi (1996)
- Kosla (Punjabi) published by National Book Trust, New Delhi (1996)
- Cocoon (English) published by Macmillan Publishers India, Chennai (1997)
- Need (Bengali) published by Sahitya Academi, New Delhi (2001)
- Kosla (Urdu) published by National Book Trust, New Delhi (2002)
- Koshapok (Orria) published by National Book Trust, New Delhi (2005)
Kosala is a genus of moth in the family Lasiocampidae.
Kosala may refer to:
Places in India:-
Kosala, one of the 16 Mahajanapadas in the 6th to 5th centuries BCE, approximately present Awadh (Oudh) in Uttar Pradesh
- Kosala Kingdom, Uttara Kosala, or Kosala Proper, mentioned in the ancient texts
- Dakshina Kosala Kingdom, or South Kosala, a colony of Kosala kings in present Chhattisgarh state and western Odisha state
- Kosala Devi first wife of Magadha Emperor Bimbisara (558–491 BCE)
- Kosala Kuruppuarachchi (born 1964) Sri Lankan cricketer
- Kosala Kulasekara (born 1985) Sri Lankan cricketer
- Kosala Ramadas (died 2013) politician in Kerala, India
- Kosala (moth), genus of family Lasiocampidae
- Kosala (novel), 1963 Marathi novel by Bhalchandra Nemade