Crossword clues for isoniazid
Wiktionary
n. (context medicine English) A medication used in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis, having the chemical formula C6H7N3O
WordNet
n. antibacterial drug (trade name Nydrazid) used to treat tuberculosis [syn: INH, Nydrazid]
Wikipedia
Isoniazid, also known as isonicotinylhydrazide (INH), is an antibiotic used as a first-line agent for the prevention and treatment of both latent and active tuberculosis. It is effective against mycobacteria, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is also active against some atypical types of mycobacteria, such as M. kansasii and M. xenopi. Isoniazid is an organic compound that is available in tablet, syrup, and injectable forms.
The most common side effect of isoniazid is an increase in blood levels of liver enzymes; however, it is usually harmless. Uncommon but more serious side effects include inflammation of nerves, which causes numbness in the arms or legs, and liver inflammation. Isoniazid blocks the formation of mycolic acids, which are essential parts of mycobacterial cell walls. Disruption of the mycobacterial cell wall results in cell death. Isoniazid acts on both intracellular and extracellular mycobacteria.
Isoniazid was first made in the early 20th century, but its activity against tuberculosis was first reported in the early 1950s. Three pharmaceutical companies unsuccessfully attempted to patent the drug at the same time, the most prominent one being Roche, which launched its version, Rimifon, in 1952. With the introduction of isoniazid, a cure for tuberculosis was first considered possible. It is available worldwide, is inexpensive, and is generally well tolerated. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of medicines that constitute the bare minimum for a basic health system.
Usage examples of "isoniazid".
Calling each woman in turn, Marissa learned what she intuitively suspected: both women confirmed that their internists had talked about their taking isoniazid.
But in 1939 it was still very much the case: the discovery of the chemotherapeutic agents, rifampin, para-aminosalicylic acid, isoniazid and especially streptomycin, still lay far beyond a distant horizon.
Both promised to inquire with their family doctors to find out for certain if the drug had been isoniazid.