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Isobutylidenediurea

Isobutylidenediurea (abbreviated IBDU) is an organic compound with the formula (CH)CHCH{NHC(O)NH}. It is a derivative of urea (OC(NH)), which itself is highly soluble in water, but IBDU is not. It functions as a controlled-release fertiliser owing to its low solubility, which limits the rate of its hydrolysis to urea, which is a fast-acting fertiliser.

It is produced by the condensation reaction of isobutyraldehyde and two equivalents of urea:

(CH)CHCHO + 2 OC(NH) → (CH)CHCH{NHC(O)NH} + HO

The controlled-release process is the reverse of the above reaction, which only occurs after the IBDU dissolves.