Crossword clues for hypospadias
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Hypospadias \Hy`po*spa"di*as\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ypo` beneath + spa`n to draw, tear.] (Med.) A deformity of the penis, in which the urethra opens upon its under surface.
Wiktionary
n. (context medicine English) A birth defect of the male urethra that involves an abnormally placed urinary meatus.
WordNet
n. an abnormal condition in males in which the urethra opens on the under surface of the penis
Wikipedia
Hypospadias is a birth defect of the urethra in the male where the urinary opening is not at the usual location on the head of the penis. It is the second most common birth abnormality in boys, affecting approximately 1 of every 250. In approximately 90% of cases, the opening ( meatus) is on or near the head of the penis ( glans), referred to as distal hypospadias, while the remainder have proximal hypospadias with a meatus near or within the scrotum. Shiny tissue seen extending from the meatus to the tip of the glans, which would have made the urinary channel, is referred to as the urethral plate.
In most cases the foreskin is also underdeveloped and does not wrap completely around the penis, leaving the underside of the glans penis uncovered. There may also be downward bending of the penis, commonly referred to as chordee. This is found in 10% of distal hypospadias and 50% of proximal hypospadias at the time of surgery. The scrotum may be higher than usual to either side of the penis, called penoscrotal transposition, adding to the abnormal overall appearance.
Hypospadias is thought to result from failure of the urinary channel to completely tubularize to the end of the penis. The cause of hypospadias is not known. Most often, it is the only abnormal finding, although in about 10% of cases hypospadias may be part of a syndrome with multiple abnormalities.
The most common associated defect is an undescended testicle, which has been reported in approximately 3% of infants with distal hypospadias and 10% of those having proximal hypospadias. The combination of hypospadias and an undescended testicle sometimes indicates a disorder of sexual differentiation, and so additional testing may be recommended.
Otherwise no blood tests or X-rays are routinely needed in newborns with hypospadias.
Usage examples of "hypospadias".
The illustrious John Hunter advised a man afflicted with hypospadias to impregnate his wife by vaginal injections of semen in water with an ordinary syringe, and, in spite of the simplicity of this method, the attempt was followed by a successful issue.
He also reports the case of a distinguished musician who, by reason of hypospadias, had never impregnated his wife, and had resorted to injections of semen with a favorable result.
This latter case seems hardly warranted when we consider that men afflicted with hypospadias and epispadias have become fathers.
On the other hand, a cleft scrotum, an ill-developed penis, perhaps hypospadias or epispadias, rotundity of the mammae, and feminine contour have also provoked accounts of similar instances.
Caddy mentions a youth of eighteen who had congenital torsion of the penis with out hypospadias or epispadias.