Wiktionary
hit by pitch
n. (alternative spelling of hit-by-pitch English)
Wikipedia
Hit by pitch
In baseball, hit by pitch (HBP) is a situation in which a batter or his clothing or equipment (other than his bat) is struck directly by a pitch from the pitcher; the batter is called a hit batsman (HB). A hit batsman is awarded first base, provided that (in the plate umpire's judgment) he made an honest effort to avoid the pitch, although failure to do so is rarely called by an umpire. Being hit by a pitch is often caused by a batter standing too close to, or "crowding", home plate.
Usage examples of "hit by pitch".
Most of us being graduate students, we had no problem coming up with four -- a walk, hit by pitch, dropped third strike, and catcher's interference -- but the fifth, if indeed it exists, remains an unknown.