What is "gunka"

is the Japanese term for military music. While in standard use in Japan it applies both to Japanese songs and foreign songs such as " The Battle Hymn of the Republic", as an English language category it refers to songs produced by the Empire of Japan in between roughly 1885 and 1943.

Japanese gunka were consciously constructed to engender loyalty and warm feelings towards the nation. Up until the surrender of the wartime Japanese government in 1945, gunka were taught in schools both in Japan proper and in the larger Empire. As late as the 1970s, these gunka were still popular in Japanese-controlled Micronesia and parts of Southeast Asia, and they experienced a mild "boom" in Japan in the late 1960s. A famous example of Japanese Gunka was the song "Senyū" written during the Russo-Japanese war.