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gaon

n. 1 (context Medieval English) An honorific for the head of a Jewish academy 2 (context India English) A village

Wikipedia
Gaon

Gaon may refer to

  • village, in Hindi or Marathi or Assamese means a village
  • Gaon Chart, record chart in South Korea
  • Gaon (Hebrew), a non formal title or nickname given to certain Jewish Rabbis
    • Geonim, presidents of the two great Talmudic Academies of Sura and Pumbedita, generally accepted spiritual leaders of the Jewish community worldwide in the early medieval era
    • Vilna Gaon, born Elijah ben Shlomo Zalman Kremer, but known almost exclusively as the Gaon of Vilnus.
  • A surname
    • Yehoram Gaon, Israeli singer
Gaon (Hebrew)

Gaon (gā'ōn) (Hebrew גאון) (plural geonim — gĕ'ōnīm) may have originated as a shortened version of "Rosh Yeshivat Ge'on Ya'akov", though there are alternative explanations. In Ancient Hebrew, it referred to arrogance and haughty pride (Amos 6:8), and later became known as a general term for pride, both the positive and negative forms ('Pride [of]'; Late medieval and modern Hebrew for 'genius'). Today, it may refer to:

  • One of the Geonim, that is to say the heads of the two major academies, at Pumbedita and Sura, and later in Baghdad, during the period 589-1040. Prominent Geonim include:
    • Sar Shalom
    • Natronai II, Gaon of Sura (Gaon to 857)
    • Amram Gaon, Gaon of Sura (Gaon 857-875)
    • Hai Gaon
    • Saadia Gaon
    • Sherira Gaon
    • Yehudai Gaon
    • Samuel ben Hofni
  • An honorific title given to a few leading rabbis of other countries in the same period, such as:
    • Nissim Gaon (990-1062)
  • Specific rabbis of later periods, called "gaon":
    • The Vilna Gaon
    • The Rogatchover Gaon
    • The Steipler Gaon

Many great Rabbis, though not formally referred to as the "Gaon of ..." are often lauded with this honorific as both a mark of respect and a means to indicate their greatness in the field of Torah learning.

Usage examples of "gaon".

While in Gaon, Horn frees some imprisoned inhumi to fight for the town, and one of these becomes another companion, whom he treats as a daughter.

Answers to such questions, concluded Hai Gaon, could not be found in mere ethics or the Law.

The mystical visions themselves, concludes Rabbi Hai Gaon, are all historically true, successors to a long tradition of visionary transformations experienced by biblical saints and prophets in higher states of consciousness.

Hai Gaon, however, one rebellious voice spoke out against hiding the details of the visionary journey from the common man.

But instead of studying with the great Gaon of Vilna, the natural choice for a talmudic genius, the young Russian scholar opted for the mystical Maggid of Mezerich.

Hasidim at its peak, the ailing Maggid sent Shneur Zalman and Menachem Mendel to intercede with the Gaon of Vilna, who was then threatening to issue an excommunicative ban on the ecstatic sect.

The Gaon, however, was so dead set against the Hasidim that he did not even permit the two scholars to enter beyond his front hall.

Kota and going towards Naya Gaon, and at midday I heard him calling at the lower end of the Dhunigad cane-brake.

Naya Gaon, situated in the heart of the forest, was one of the first villages in the Bhabar to be decimated by the disease.

Attracted by this rich feed, the cattle from our village three miles away adopted the deserted fields of Naya Gaon as their regular feeding ground.

Naya Gaon crosses the road diagonally, and on this track we saw the fresh pug marks of a big male leopard.

Naya Gaon, situated in the heart of the forest, was one of the first villages in the Bhabar to be decimated by the disease.