What is "fail-stop"

A fail-stop subset of a computer language is one that has the same semantics as the original, except in the case where an exceptional condition arises. The fail-stop subset must report an exceptional condition whenever the superset language reports one, but may additionally report an exceptional condition in other cases.

Fail-stop languages are often used in computer systems where correctness is very important, since it is easier to make such systems fail-fast. For example, the "+" operator in many programming languages is not associative because of the possibility of overflow. Repairing these languages to fail fast when commonly assumed properties do not hold, makes it much easier to write and verify correct code.