The Collaborative International Dictionary
Decemvir \De*cem"vir\ (d[-e]*s[e^]m"v[~e]r), n.; pl. E. Decemvirs, L. Decemviri. [L., fr. decem ten + vir a man.]
-
One of a body of ten magistrates in ancient Rome.
Note: The title of decemvirs was given to various bodies of Roman magistrates. The most celebrated decemvirs framed ``the laws of the Twelve Tables,'' about 450 B. C., and had absolute authority for three years.
A member of any body of ten men in authority.
Wiktionary
n. (plural of decemvir English)
Usage examples of "decemvirs".
After a prayer that their work might bring welfare and happiness to the State, to them and to their children, the decemvirs bade them go and read the laws which were exhibited.
As the day for the elections approached, this impression created a desire to appoint decemvirs for a second year.
The plebeians had learnt to detest the name of "consul" as much as that of "king," and now as the decemvirs allowed an appeal from one of their body to another, they no longer required the aid of their tribunes.
For, whereas the previous decemvirs had observed the rule of only one having the "fasces" at a time and making this emblem of royalty go to each in turn, now all the Ten suddenly appeared, each with his twelve lictors.
The decemvirs explained it by saying that as they were invested with absolute power of life and death, there was no reason for the axes being removed.
For not only was there no protection in the people now that the right of appeal to them was withdrawn, but the decemvirs had mutually agreed not to interfere with each other's sentences, whereas the previous decemvirs had allowed their judicial decisions to be revised on appeal to a colleague, and certain matters which they considered to be within the jurisdiction of the people they had referred to them.
At first the decemvirs had bid for popularity by appearing before the plebs, surrounded by ex-tribunes, but now they were accompanied by an escort of young patricians, who crowded round the tribunals, maltreated the plebeians and plundered their property, and being the stronger, succeeded in getting whatever they had taken a fancy to.
Corrupted by such bribes, the young nobility not only declined to oppose the lawlessness of the decemvirs, but they openly showed that they preferred their own freedom from all restraints to the general liberty.
Though now only private citizens, the decemvirs came forward as determined as ever to enforce their authority and retain all the emblems of power.
The decemvirs, hated alike by the senate and the plebs, were left without any support, and whilst they were consulting as to the necessary measures, Fortune added a fresh cause of alarm.
The panic created unnerved the decemvirs, and seeing the City encompassed by two separate wars they were driven to consult the senate.
This was less unpleasant for the decemvirs than if they had been in the City and had refused to recognise their authority.
Valerius Potitus created a scene by demanding that he should be allowed to speak on the political question, and on the decemvirs forbidding him in threatening tones to do so, he declared that he would present himself before the people.
Marcus Horatius Barbatus showed himself an equally determined opponent, called the decemvirs "ten Tarquins," and reminded them that it was under the leadership of the Valerii and the Horatii that monarchy had been expelled from Rome.
Though the decemvirs forbade the discussion of any subject save the one they had introduced, their respect for Claudius prevented them from interrupting him, so he concluded with a resolution that no decree should be passed by the senate.