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The Collaborative International Dictionary
cytotaxonomy

cytotaxonomy \cy`to*tax*on"o*my\ (s[imac]`t[-o]*t[a^]ks*[o^]n"[-o]*m[y^]), n. (Biology) A branch of taxonomy which uses the characteristics of cellular structures, such as somatic chromosomes, to classify organisms. [PJC] -- cy`to*tax*on"o*mist, n. -- cy`to*tax`o*nom"ic, a. -- cy`to*tax`o*nom"ic*al*ly, adv.

Wiktionary
cytotaxonomy

n. (context taxonomy English) The classification of organisms based upon their cellular structure and function, and especially based on the number and structure of their chromosomes

Wikipedia
Cytotaxonomy

Cell in anaphase the chromosomes having split and the kinetochore microtubules shrinking]] Cytotaxonomy is the branch of biology dealing with the relationships and classification of organisms using comparative studies of chromosomes.