What is "cryomodule"

n. A supercooled section of a linac (linear particle accelerator).

A cryomodule is a section of a modern particle accelerator composed of superconducting RF (SRF) acceleration cavities, and needs very low operating temperatures (of around 2 Kelvin). The cryomodule is a complex, state-of-the-art supercooled component in which particle beams are accelerated for scientific research. The niobium cavities are cooled with liquid helium.

A cryomodule section of an accelerator is composed of normal conducting and superconducting cavities that accelerate the beam, also including a magnetic lattice that provides focusing and steering.