What is "antiochus"

Antiochus may refer to:

Antiochus ( Greek: Ἀντίοχος; fl. 4th century BC) was a Macedonian man who lived during the time of Philip II of Macedon (ruled 359-336 BC). He originally came from Orestis, Macedonia.

Antiochus served as an officer under Philip II, and gained distinction as a military general. Antiochus was from an upper noble family. His father was probably called Seleucus, his brother was called Ptolemy and he probably had a nephew called Seleucus. Antiochus married a Macedonian woman called Laodice and in about 358 BC Laodice bore Antiochus a son Seleucus I Nicator, who became a general of Alexander the Great and later founded and became the first king of the Seleucid Empire; she also bore him a daughter, Didymeia. It was pretended, in consequence of a dream which Laodice had, that the god Apollo was the real father of Seleucus.

When Seleucus became king, he founded and named 16 cities in honor of his father, including the Syrian city of Antioch (now situated in modern Turkey) and the Seleucid Military Outpost, Antioch, Pisidia. Through Seleucus, Antiochus had thirteen Seleucid kings bearing his name, as well as various monarchs from the Kingdom of Commagene. Antiochus had numerous descendants through his son from the 3rd century BC until the 5th century and possibly beyond.

Antiochus (221 BC–193 BC) was a Seleucid prince, first-born child to the Seleucid monarchs Antiochus III the Great and Laodice III, and his father's first heir.

Antiochus was of Greek Macedonian and Persian descent. In 210 BC, his father made him joint king, when Antiochus III went off to the East on his great expedition. He was partly in command of the Seleucid army at the victory at Panion in 200 BC. He is not recorded to have had any real independent authority, but he was appointed viceroy of the eastern Seleucid satrapies. Antiochus is named in several decrees and letters with his father. In 200 BC, Antiochus was present at the battle of Panium and received the command over the right wing of the cavalry; it was he who routed the Egyptian cavalry and attacked the Ptolemaic center from the rear with his victorious cavalry. In 196 BC, Antiochus was appointed as the heir to the Seleucid throne. In that year, his father arranged for him to marry his younger sister Laodice IV. The marriage between Laodice IV and Antiochus was the first sibling marriage to occur in the Seleucid dynasty. From their sibling union, Laodice IV bore Antiochus a daughter called Nysa.

In 193 BC, Antiochus III appointed his daughter, the sister-wife of his son, Antiochus, as the chief priestess of the state cult dedicated to their late mother Laodice III in Media. Later that year, Antiochus died. His family were in complete grief of his death, in particular Antiochus III. Antiochus was succeeded by his younger brother Seleucus IV Philopator.

In Greek mythology, the name Antiochus may refer to:

• Antiochus, son of Heracles and Meda. Both his maternal grandfather and his own son bore the name Phylas. He was the eponym of the Athenian phyle Antiochis.
• Antiochus, one of the eight sons of Melas who were killed by Tydeus for plotting against Oeneus.
• Antiochus, one of the sons of Pterelaus.
• Antiochus, one of the sons of Aegyptus. He married (and was killed by) Itea, daughter of Danaus.
• Antiochus, one of the sacrificial victims of Minotaur.

Antiochus or Antiochos was an influential eunuch courtier and official of the Byzantine Empire.

According to the Byzantine chroniclers, he was of Persian origin, and had served originally under Narses, who occupied the post of chief minister ( vuzurg framadhār) of the Sasanian Empire for almost the entire first half of the 5th century. He first appears in the Byzantine court in ca. 404. At the time he was a servant of the imperial bedchamber ( cubicularius), and although young of age enjoyed the favour of emperor Arcadius (ruled 395–408). This allowed him to influence imperial policy, and gained him the post of tutor to the young heir to the throne, the future Theodosius II (r. 408–450). The 9th-century chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor reports erroneously that Antiochus came to Constantinople only after Arcadius' death in 408, having been dispatched by the Persian shah Yazdegerd I (r. 399–420) to watch over the young Theodosius. It may be, however, that this report reflects the recognition of his position as imperial tutor by Yazdegerd, whom the dying Arcadius had entrusted with ensuring his son's position during his minority. Antiochus was a zealous Christian, and in his correspondence with Yazdegerd succeeded in securing the well-being of Christians in his home country.

Antiochus probably exercised his duties as tutor until 414, when Theodosius' sister Pulcheria took over. By ca. 421, he had risen to the post of praepositus sacri cubiculi, head of the imperial bedchamber, and the exalted rank of patricius. At about that time, he was dismissed from his palace posts by Theodosius, who resented his patronising attitude, probably after the emperor's marriage to Aelia Eudocia. His property was confiscated, and he was forced to retire as a monk to the Church of Saint Euphemia at Chalcedon, where he later died. His palace in Constantinople, adjacent to the Hippodrome, was also confiscated by the emperor.

Antiochus was a physician of ancient Greece who appears to have lived at Rome in the 2nd century. The ancient physician Galen gives a precise account of the food he used to eat and the way in which he lived; and tells us that, by paying attention to his diet, he was able to dispense with the use of medicines, and when upwards of eighty years old used to visit his patients on foot. Byzantine Greek medical writer Aëtius of Amida and Paulus Aegineta quote a prescription which may perhaps belong to this physician, but he is probably not the person mentioned by Galen under the name " Antiochus Philometor".

Antiochus of Athens was a commander of ancient Greece during the Peloponnesian War who was left by the Athenian commander Alcibiades at Notium in command of the Athenian fleet in 407 BCE, with strict injunctions not to engage the Spartan commander Lysander.

Antiochus was the master of Alcibiades' own ship, and his personal friend; he was a skilful seaman, but arrogant and heedless of consequences. His intimacy with Alcibiades had first arisen upon an occasion mentioned by the writer Plutarch, who tells us that Alcibiades in one of his first appearances in the popular assembly allowed a tame quail to escape from under his cloak, which occurrence suspended the business of the assembly, till it was caught by Antiochus and given to Alcibiades.

Antiochus gave no heed to the injunctions of Alcibiades, and provoked Lysander to an engagement in what came to be known as the Battle of Notium, in which fifteen Athenian ships were lost, and Antiochus himself was killed. This defeat was a small but symbolic victory for the Spartans, and one of the main causes that led to the second banishment of Alcibiades. It firmly established Lysander as a commander who was capable of defeating the Athenians at sea.

Antiochus was a bishop of Ptolemais in Palestine. A Syrian by birth, he went to Constantinople at the beginning of the 5th century, where his eloquent preaching attracted such attention that he was called by some another Chrysostom. He afterwards took part warmly with the enemies of Chrysostom, and died not later than 408 AD.

Besides many sermons, he left a large work "against Avarice," which is lost.

Antiochus was a sculptor of ancient Greece from Athens, whose name is inscribed on his statue of the goddess Athena in the Villa Ludovisi at Rome. It is unclear what became of the sculpture after the Villa Ludovisi was sold and torn down in 1885.

This sculpture is in the style of many similar ancient renditions of Athena.