What is "nucleus"

Nucleus \Nu"cle*us\, n.; pl. E. Nucleuses, L. Nuclei. [L., a kernel, dim. fr. nux, nucis, nut. Cf. Newel post.]

1. A kernel; hence, a central mass or point about which matter is gathered, or to which accretion is made; the central or material portion; -- used both literally and figuratively.

   It must contain within itself a nucleus of truth.
   --I. Taylor.

2. (Astron.) The body or the head of a comet.

3. (Bot.)

   1. An incipient ovule of soft cellular tissue.

   2. A whole seed, as contained within the seed coats.

4. (Biol.) A body, usually spheroidal, in a eukaryotic cell, distinguished from the surrounding protoplasm by a difference in refrangibility and in behavior towards chemical reagents, which contains the chromosomal genetic material, including the chromosomal DNA. It is more or less protoplasmic, and consists of a clear fluid (achromatin) through which extends a network of fibers (chromatin) in which may be suspended a second rounded body, the nucleolus (see Nucleoplasm). See Cell division, under Division.

   Note: The nucleus is sometimes termed the endoplast or endoblast, and in the protozoa is supposed to be concerned in the female part of the reproductive process. See Karyokinesis.

5. (Zo["o]l.)

   1. The tip, or earliest part, of a univalve or bivalve shell.

   2. The central part around which additional growths are added, as of an operculum.

   3. A visceral mass, containing the stomach and other organs, in Tunicata and some mollusks.

1704, "kernel of a nut," 1708, "head of a comet," from Latin nucleus "kernel," from nucula "little nut," diminutive of nux (genitive nucis) "nut," from PIE *kneu- "nut" (cognates: Middle Irish cnu, Welsh cneuen, Middle Breton knoen "nut," Old Norse hnot, Old English hnutu "nut"). General sense of "central part or thing, about which others cluster" is from 1762. Use in reference to cells first recorded 183

1. Modern atomic meaning is 1912, first by Ernest Rutherford, though theoretical use for "central point of an atom" is from 1844, in Faraday.

n. 1 The core, central part (of something), round which others are assembled. 2 An initial part or version that will receive additions. 3 (context chemistry physics English) The massive, positively charged central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons. 4 (context cytology English) A large organelle found in cells which contains genetic material. 5 (context neuroanatomy English) A ganglion, cluster of many neuronal bodies where synapsing occurs. 6 (context linguistics English) The central part of a syllable, most commonly a vowel.

1. n. a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction [syn: cell nucleus, karyon]

2. the positively charged dense center of an atom

3. a small group of indispensable persons or things; "five periodicals make up the core of their publishing program" [syn: core, core group]

4. (astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail

5. any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord

6. [also: nuclei (pl)]

The NuCLEus project is a proposed 54-story 650 foot office, entertainment, residential, retail, and hotel complex that will be located in downtown Cleveland's Gateway Sports and Entertainment Complex District. The project won unanimous approval from the Cleveland Planning Commission in November 2014. Robert L. Stark of Cleveland-based Stark Enterprises is the lead developer on the project.

The project 54-story tower would be the 4th tallest building in the city behind the 1991-built Key Tower at 947 feet, the 1930-erected Terminal Tower at 708 feet, and the 200 Public Square (formerly BP America) Building at 658 feet. The current fourth tallest building in Cleveland is the 1964-erected Tower at Erieview which stands 529 feet.

In neuroanatomy, a nucleus (plural form: nuclei) is a cluster of densely packed cell bodies of neurons in the central nervous system, located deep within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem. The neurons in one nucleus usually have roughly similar connections and functions. Nuclei are connected to other nuclei by tracts, the bundles (fascicles) of axons (nerve fibers) extending from the cell bodies. A nucleus is one of the two most common forms of nerve cell organization, the other being layered structures such as the cerebral cortex or cerebellar cortex. In anatomical sections, a nucleus shows up as a region of gray matter, often bordered by white matter. The vertebrate brain contains hundreds of distinguishable nuclei, varying widely in shape and size. A nucleus may itself have a complex internal structure, with multiple types of neurons arranged in clumps (subnuclei) or layers.

The term "nucleus" is in some cases used rather loosely, to mean simply an identifiably distinct group of neurons, even if they are spread over an extended area. The reticular nucleus of the thalamus, for example, is a thin layer of inhibitory neurons that surrounds the thalamus.

Some of the major anatomical components of the brain are organized as clusters of interconnected nuclei. Notable among these are the thalamus and hypothalamus, each of which contains several dozen distinguishable substructures. The medulla and pons also contain numerous small nuclei with a wide variety of sensory, motor, and regulatory functions.

In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), a cluster of cell bodies of neurons (homologous to a CNS nucleus) is called a ganglion. The fascicles of nerve fibers in the PNS (homologous to CNS tracts) are called nerves.

Nucleus is a downloadable game on the PlayStation Store, also known as Bacterius on the Japanese PSN.

Nucleus is an album by jazz saxophonist Sonny Rollins, released on the Milestone label in 1975, featuring performances by Rollins with George Duke, Raul de Souza, Bennie Maupin, Chuck Rainey, Eddie Moore, Mtume, Bob Cranshaw and Roy McCurdy. It was recorded at Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, CA, on September 2–5, 1975.

Nucleus is the second full-length studio album by the Swedish progressive rock band Anekdoten. The album was released in 1995.

In mathematics, and especially in order theory, a nucleus is a function F on a meet-semilattice A such that (for every p in A):

1. p ≤ F(p)
2. F(F(p)) = F(p)
3. F(p ∧ q) = F(p) ∧ F(q)

Every nucleus is evidently a monotone function.

Nucleus were a pioneering jazz-rock band from Britain who continued in different forms from 1969 to 1989. In their first year they won first prize at the Montreux Jazz Festival, released the album Elastic Rock, and performed both at the Newport Jazz Festival and the Village Gate jazz club.

They were led by Ian Carr, who had been in the Rendell–Carr Quintet during the mid and late 1960s, and was a respected figure in British jazz for more than forty years. Their jazz-based music evolved from an early sound incorporating elements of progressive and psychedelic rock toward combination with a funkier sound in the mid and late 1970s.

Nucleus was a British- European advocacy group, the forerunner to British Influence (sometimes The Centre for British Influence). Nucleus was based in London, with additional operations in Brussels.

Founded in 2010, Nucleus promoted a 'euro-realist' British approach to European political and business affairs. As well as regular bulletins, Nucleus produced commentaries, and hosted briefings, seminars, and networking events both in London and Brussels. Nucleus was unaffiliated with any political party, and was a partner in both the British Brussels Network, along with Business for New Europe, the British Chamber of Commerce in Belgium, and the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, and the pan-European EuropAssociation.

In 2013 Nucleus relaunched as British Influence, with a heavier campaigning focus, in response to the call by Prime Minister David Cameron for an in/out referendum on the UK's European Union membership