What is "fagaceae"

Fagaceae \Fagaceae\ prop. n. a natural family of chiefly monoecious trees and shrubs, including beeches, chestnuts, and oaks; it includes the genera Castanea; Castanopsis; Chrysolepis; Fagus; Lithocarpus; Nothofagus; and Quercus.

Syn: family Fagaceae, beech family.

The family Fagaceae includes beeches and oaks, and comprises eight genera with about 927 species of both evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs, which are characterized by alternate simple leaves with pinnate venation, unisexual flowers in the form of catkins, and fruit in the form of cup-like ( cupule) nuts. Fagaceous leaves are often lobed and both petioles and stipules are generally present. Leaf characteristics of Fagaceae can be very similar to Rosaceae and other rose motif families. Fruits lack endosperm and lie in a scaly or spiny husk that may or may not enclose the entire nut, which may consist of one to seven seeds. The best-known group of this family is the oaks, genus Quercus, the fruit of which is a non-valved nut (usually containing one seed) called an acorn. The husk of the acorn in most oaks only forms a cup in which the nut sits. Fagaceae are one of the most ecologically important woody plant families in the Northern Hemisphere, as oaks form the backbone of temperate forests in North America, Europe, and Asia and one of the most significant sources of wildlife fodder.

A characteristic of Fagaceae is their tendency to easily cross-pollinate with members of their same genus/section. In particular, oaks of the same section cross so easily that it is unclear how they manage to stay morphologically distinct.

Several members of the Fagaceae have important economic uses. Many species of oak, chestnut, and beech (genera Quercus, Castanea, and Fagus, respectively) are commonly used as timber for floors, furniture, cabinets, and wine barrels. Cork for stopping wine bottles and a myriad other uses is made from the bark of cork oak, Quercus suber. Chestnuts are the fruits from species of the genus Castanea. Numerous species from several genera are prominent ornamentals, and wood chips from the genus Fagus are often used in flavoring beers.