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However, the new resident commissioner at Passy, John Adams, required closer study, and in an effort to inform London, Alexander provided an especially perceptive appraisal: John Adams is a man of the shortest of what is called middle size in England, strong and tight-made, rather inclining to fat, of a complexion that bespeaks a warmer climate than Massachusetts is supposed, a countenance which bespeaks rather reflection than imagination.

In addition, Adams turned out articles tailored for publication in the British press, these to be placed by an American in London named Edmund Jenings.

Another American agent in London, Thomas Digges, was recruited to keep Adams supplied with items gleaned from the London papers.

But with Jay in Spain, Henry Laurens locked up in the Tower of London, Jefferson unlikely to leave Virginia, and Adams tied down with his assignment in Holland, there remained only Franklin to serve as the American negotiator at Paris, exactly as Vergennes desired.

Strachey departed for London, taking the proposed articles for approval, and in the lull, Adams made his first visit to Versailles since his return to Paris.

From The Hague, John Adams promised to be with them in a matter of days, but warned that there could be no lingering in London.

But when his American doctor, James Jay, the brother of John Jay, had suggested a sojourn in England, he had gone off to London with John Quincy and later to Bath, to take the waters, an experience Adams had found little to his liking and that was cut short by a summons to return to Holland to secure still another desperately needed loan.

John Adams, too, for all his ambition to serve in London, seemed anything but eager to leave the setting of such sustained contentment.

OF THE TIMES when Adams felt himself uncomfortably alone at center stage, there were few to compare to the afternoon in London, when at the end of a short ride through the rain with Lord Carmarthen in his carriage, they approached the arched gatehouse at St.

Meantime, West and Copley in particular opened doors for Adams in London as did no one else.

May 1785, when Adams first assumed his post in London, until February 1786, he wrote twenty-eight letters to Jefferson, and Jefferson wrote a nearly equal number in return.

Just weeks after Adams arrived in London, in July 1785, two American ships were seized by Algerian pirates.

When word reached London that some states, including Massachusetts, had passed laws against compliance with the treaty, Adams was appalled.

Since Prussia had no minister in London or Paris, but only at The Hague, Adams was needed there without delay or the treaty would come to nothing.

By early January, 1787, Adams had rushed the first installment of his effort to a London printer.