What is "to work to windward"

Work \Work\ (w[^u]rk), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Worked (w[^u]rkt), or Wrought (r[add]t); p. pr. & vb. n. Working.] [AS. wyrcean (imp. worthe, wrohte, p. p. geworht, gewroht); akin to OFries. werka, wirka, OS. wirkian, D. werken, G. wirken, Icel. verka, yrkja, orka, Goth. wa['u]rkjan. [root]145. See Work, n.]

1. To exert one's self for a purpose; to put forth effort for the attainment of an object; to labor; to be engaged in the performance of a task, a duty, or the like.

   O thou good Kent, how shall I live and work, To match thy goodness?
   --Shak.

   Go therefore now, and work; for there shall no straw be given you.
   --Ex. v. 18.

   Whether we work or play, or sleep or wake, Our life doth pass.
   --Sir J. Davies.

2. Hence, in a general sense, to operate; to act; to perform; as, a machine works well.

   We bend to that the working of the heart.
   --Shak.

3. Hence, figuratively, to be effective; to have effect or influence; to conduce.

   We know that all things work together for good to them that love God.
   --Rom. viii. 28.

   This so wrought upon the child, that afterwards he desired to be taught.
   --Locke.

   She marveled how she could ever have been wrought upon to marry him.
   --Hawthorne.

4. To carry on business; to be engaged or employed customarily; to perform the part of a laborer; to labor; to toil.

   They that work in fine flax . . . shall be confounded.
   --Isa. xix. 9.

5. To be in a state of severe exertion, or as if in such a state; to be tossed or agitated; to move heavily; to strain; to labor; as, a ship works in a heavy sea.

   Confused with working sands and rolling waves.
   --Addison.

6. To make one's way slowly and with difficulty; to move or penetrate laboriously; to proceed with effort; -- with a following preposition, as down, out, into, up, through, and the like; as, scheme works out by degrees; to work into the earth.

   Till body up to spirit work, in bounds Proportioned to each kind.
   --Milton.

7. To ferment, as a liquid.

   The working of beer when the barm is put in.
   --Bacon.

8. To act or operate on the stomach and bowels, as a cathartic.

   Purges . . . work best, that is, cause the blood so to do, . . . in warm weather or in a warm room.
   --Grew.

   To work at, to be engaged in or upon; to be employed in.

   To work to windward (Naut.), to sail or ply against the wind; to tack to windward.
   --Mar. Dict.