The Collaborative International Dictionary
Ascendant \As*cend"ant\, n. [F. ascendant, L. ascendens; p. pr. of ascendere.]
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Ascent; height; elevation. [R.] Sciences that were then in their highest ascendant. 
 --Temple.
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(Astrol.) The horoscope, or that degree of the ecliptic which rises above the horizon at the moment of one's birth; supposed to have a commanding influence on a person's life and fortune. Note: Hence the phrases To be in the ascendant, to have commanding power or influence, and Lord of the ascendant, one who has possession of such power or influence; as, to rule, for a while, lord of the ascendant. 
 --Burke.
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Superiority, or commanding influence; ascendency; as, one man has the ascendant over another. Chievres had acquired over the mind of the young monarch the ascendant not only of a tutor, but of a parent. 
 --Robertson.
- An ancestor, or one who precedes in genealogy or degrees of kindred; a relative in the ascending line; a progenitor; -- opposed to descendant. 
 --Ayliffe.