Crossword clues for solenoid
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Solenoid \So"len*oid\, n.[Gr. ??? channel + -oid.] (Elec.) An electrodynamic spiral having the conjuctive wire turned back along its axis, so as to neutralize that component of the effect of the current which is due to the length of the spiral, and reduce the whole effect to that of a series of equal and parallel circular currents. When traversed by a current the solenoid exhibits polarity and attraction or repulsion, like a magnet.
2. a switch or valve using such a solenoid circuit to drive a metal bar which opens or closes an electric circuit or a valve controlling fluid movement.
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
"coil of insulated wire carrying an electrical current and having magnetic properties," 1827, from French solénoïde, from Greek solenoeides "pipe-shaped," from solen "pipe, channel" + comb. form of eidos "form, shape" (see -oid). Related: Solenoidal.
Wiktionary
n. 1 A coil of wire that acts as a magnet when an electric current flows through it 2 A mechanical switch consisting of such a coil containing a metal core, the movement of which is controlled by the current
WordNet
n. a coil of wire around an iron core; becomes a magnet when current passes through the coil
Wikipedia
Magnetic field created by a seven-loop solenoid (cross-sectional view) described using field lines.
A solenoid (from the French solénoïde, derived in turn from the Greek solen "pipe, channel" + combining form of Greek eidos "form, shape") is a coil wound into a tightly packed helix. The term was invented by French physicist André-Marie Ampère to designate a helical coil.
In physics, the term refers to a coil whose length is substantially greater than its diameter, often wrapped around a metallic core, which produces a uniform magnetic field in a volume of space (where some experiment might be carried out) when an electric current is passed through it. A solenoid is a type of electromagnet when the purpose is to generate a controlled magnetic field. If the purpose of the solenoid is instead to impede changes in the electric current, a solenoid can be more specifically classified as an inductor rather than an electromagnet. Not all electromagnets and inductors are solenoids; for example, the first electromagnet, invented in 1824, had a horseshoe rather than a cylindrical solenoid shape.
In engineering, the term may also refer to a variety of transducer devices that convert energy into linear motion. The term is also often used to refer to a solenoid valve, which is an integrated device containing an electromechanical solenoid which actuates either a pneumatic or hydraulic valve, or a solenoid switch, which is a specific type of relay that internally uses an electromechanical solenoid to operate an electrical switch; for example, an automobile starter solenoid, or a linear solenoid, which is an electromechanical solenoid. Solenoid bolts, a type of electronic-mechanical locking mechanism, also exist.
In mathematics, a solenoid is a compact connected topological space (i.e. a continuum) that may be obtained as the inverse limit of an inverse system of topological groups and continuous homomorphisms
(S, f), f: S → S, i ≥ 0,where each S is a circle and f is the map that uniformly wraps the circle Sn times (n ≥ 2) around the circle S. This construction can be carried out geometrically in the three-dimensional Euclidean space R. A solenoid is a one-dimensional homogeneous indecomposable continuum that has the structure of a compact topological group.
In the special case where all n have the same value n, so that the inverse system is determined by the multiplication by n self map of the circle, solenoids were first introduced by Vietoris for n = 2 and by van Dantzig for an arbitrary n. Such a solenoid arises as a one-dimensional expanding attractor, or Smale–Williams attractor, and forms an important example in the theory of hyperbolic dynamical systems.
A solenoid may refer to
- Solenoidal vector field in mathematics, a vector field characterized as having zero divergence.
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Solenoid in physics or engineering
- a starter solenoid, part of an automobile ignition system; also called a starter relay
- automotive transmission solenoids
- Solenoid (DNA) in Genetics
- Solenoid (mathematics)
- Solenoid (meteorology)
- Solenoid valve
In the context of meteorology, a solenoid is a tube-shaped region in the atmosphere where isobaric (constant pressure) and isopycnal (constant density) surfaces intersect, causing vertical circulation. They are so-named because they are driven by the solenoid term of the vorticity equation. Examples of solenoids include the sea breeze circulation and the mountain–plains solenoid.
The solenoid defines the packing of DNA as a 30 nm fiber of chromatin and results from the helical winding of at least five nucleosome strands.
In eukaryotic cells, 146 bp of DNA are wrapped approximately 1.65 times around a histone octamer (each histone consists of 2 H2A, H2B dimers, and H3, H4 tetramer) which together are called a nucleosome. Histone H1, which is not part of the binding histones, tightens the DNA bound to the eight protein complex. The nucleosomes, which at this point resemble beads on a string, are further compacted into a helical shape via the NH2 terminal protein interactions of the octameric histones, called a solenoid.
DNA packed into solenoids, unlike DNA in nucleosome form, is not transcriptionally active. With more packing, solenoids are able to become increasingly more packed, forming chromosomes. At this point, solenoids coil around each other to form a loop (anywhere from 20 to 80,000 base pairs), followed by a rosette (consisting of six connected loops), then a coil, and at last, two chromatids. The end result is the metaphase chromosome. The completely condensed chromatin has a diameter of up to 700 nm.
Usage examples of "solenoid".
Solenoid relays would be her ganglia, servo-actuators move her flawless nylon limbs, hydraulic fluid be sent by a platinum heart-pump through butyrate veins and arteries.
As they negotiated the clutter of solenoids, induction coils, Crookes tubes, and photographic equipment, all inexplicably intertwined with pipets and tubing, Harold felt himself sorely missing the opportunities provided by a good lab.
Within the cramped chamber three suited figures stood around a massive cannonlike weapon that gleamed with solenoids and magnetic rings along its barrel: some sort of bizarre and powerful plasma-discharge launcher, Troy guessed, far different from the simple projectile rifles carried by sol-pols.
You build the armature, see, which means you have to crap around with relays and solenoids and connectors and power-shunts and gate-nexuses and such.
They looked like highly intricate cannons with fire tubes, solenoids, and coolant piping wrapped around a long transparent shaft.
Its cargo hold opened as shuttle carriers were pushed by heavy solenoids into launch position for their one-way journey to the surface.
The best way to do this is not through solenoids, which could result in a staccato or jerking movement, but through the latest advances in electrical motors.
It's a big barrel-shaped superconducting solenoid coil with elaborate wire chambers on the inside and layers of calorimeters and muon detectors on the outside.
There were solenoids along the sides, he noted, although the Chows already had figured this out.
In other words, the sections of helices of the solenoid produce an accelerated motion of the projectile by acting successively on it, after a principle involved in the construction of electro-magnetic rock drills and dispatch tubes.
The circuit for this was triggered, as were all controls in the rocket, by radio, a certain signal on a certain wavelength activating an electrical circuit in the same box as the one that contained the timing mechanism for the firing circuits: this current passed through a coil which in turn activated a solenoid switch-a soft iron core in the centre of the coil-and this completed the circuit which fired the detonator in the T.
But she could sense the pseudo-life imbedded in the structure of the vessel, the flow of electrons, the activation of solenoids, the meshing of gears.
I replaced the cover, shoved the lever to the safe position: and now the destruct box was armed and it only awaited the closing of the solenoid switch to complete the suicide circuit.
He nodded at a mechanism on the table, a simple solenoid switch that I'd brought up from the scaphe.
Across the room, relays clicked, a solenoid switch rammed home, and the tractor engine coughed into life, raced for a moment, and then idled.