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monopoly
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
monopoly
noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
guaranteed
▪ At the same time it amended the republic's constitution to abolish the guaranteed Communist Party monopoly of power.
local
▪ It might be thought of as over-reacting but the development of local monopolies and cartels is just conceivable.
▪ As capital has become more powerful, it has also sought to dissolve other local monopolies that have hitherto been immune.
natural
▪ Therefore the possibility of there being a natural monopoly is intimately related to the assumptions regarding potential entrant behaviour.
▪ First, they are related to subadditivity - the question of whether or not the industry is a natural monopoly.
▪ This chapter examines these questions from a theoretical standpoint within the framework of natural monopoly industries.
▪ Therefore, in such situations natural monopolies will be sustainable for many different prices.
▪ The problems of choosing an appropriate framework for any privatised natural monopoly have already been considered.
▪ Our concern essentially is with the first of these possibilities, the case of natural monopoly - no competition is possible.
▪ The purpose of these calculations has been to demonstrate that rising average cost is consistent with natural monopoly.
▪ Particularly important was the need to have natural monopolies in public ownership.
near
▪ Bureaucracies need to have a near monopoly of political and administrative information. 6.
▪ Catherine spoke with unusual authority at a time when men held a near monopoly on religious power in the church.
▪ Until this time, Episcopalians enjoyed a near monopoly south of Maryland.
private
▪ Selling state assets itself will bring little competition to over-centralised economies, if private monopolies replace state ones.
▪ If they did work and were transferred to anyone, that person would have a private monopoly.
▪ Prices fixed by private monopolies such as these would be no truer a reflection of the market than those fixed by the state.
▪ In such cases, governments can grant a private monopoly and regulate its prices, or they can create a public monopoly.
▪ Yet the current Government has concentrated instead on converting public into private monopolies.
▪ What happened in the water industry, for example, was that a public monopoly was turned into a private monopoly.
▪ In many cases private monopolies have replaced the public sector, resulting in higher prices and poorer service.
▪ Mr. Eadie Will the Prime Minister consider the abolition of standing charges to pensioners by the private monopolies?
public
▪ Within the state sector, the statutory public monopoly of electricity supply and express delivery service has been ended.
▪ In such cases, governments can grant a private monopoly and regulate its prices, or they can create a public monopoly.
▪ The Energy Act abolished the public sector's monopoly and allowed private companies to generate electricity as a main business.
▪ In contrast, public monopolies that are thrust fully into competition have little choice but to please their customers.
▪ Yet the current Government has concentrated instead on converting public into private monopolies.
▪ Competition that is structured carefully, however, can produce more equitable results than service delivery by a public monopoly.
▪ What happened in the water industry, for example, was that a public monopoly was turned into a private monopoly.
▪ This did indeed run counter to the original principle of a benign public monopoly.
statutory
▪ Within the state sector, the statutory public monopoly of electricity supply and express delivery service has been ended.
▪ It is also noteworthy that Hill was vehemently opposed to the statutory monopoly.
virtual
▪ Microsoft, which has had a virtual monopoly, has managed 53 % a year.
▪ Fan has said Citic supports challenging the virtual monopolies enjoyed by Cathay and Telecom.
▪ It acquired and developed the original photocopier technology and in its heyday it had a virtual monopoly and made huge profits.
▪ He thought they could be beaten-that their virtual monopoly of the running shoe market could be overthrown.
▪ In many cases a virtual monopoly service has been involved and the direct target has been the public.
▪ Since the boycott of eastern goods was not totally effective, it enabled Gentile merchants to establish a virtual monopoly in commerce.
▪ The state's former virtual monopoly of enterprises was reduced with the expansion of the private sector.
▪ Mr O'Neill ran Alcoa, a virtual aluminium monopoly.
■ NOUN
capital
▪ This fusion is cemented by the dominant role of monopoly capital in financing and influencing non-communist political parties and the mass media.
▪ The approach also assumes. without showing what it is, that monopoly capital has a single and unitary purpose and goal.
▪ Second, public bureaus come to be organized in a monopolistic and centralized fashion to match the organization of monopoly capital.
▪ Working-class political parties also came to serve a useful integrative function for monopoly capital.
▪ Neither is it acceptable to see the state as entirely dependent on monopoly capital as some Marxists still suggest.
▪ It would have suited the economic interests of monopoly capital if the plan had proposed a high rate of growth.
▪ Of course, with the development of international monopoly capital and multinational companies, additional sources of power have been brought into play.
capitalism
▪ Popular culture instead reproduced essentially passive individuals as labour power for monopoly capitalism.
▪ The whole net of relationships between community and subculture, class and centralizing monopoly capitalism thus took on a different shape.
control
▪ Greenpeace is deeply concerned that this development will lead to monopoly control over genetic resources and an even greater dependence on herbicides.
position
▪ The privatised boards have given themselves an inbuilt incentive to exploit their monopoly position.
▪ Those suppliers of heavy materials and goods will easily survive, because they have a monopoly position.
▪ Playing on the defense are telephone companies and cable television companies, providers that have enjoyed monopoly positions for decades.
▪ This monopoly position is therefore totally beyond criticism.
▪ There has been an enormous and very genuine outcry over the vast sums it has made from a virtual monopoly position.
power
▪ The removal of tariffs can reduce monopoly power within the home country by increasing the possible sources of supply.
▪ When this measure is larger than one, which happens in the presence of monopoly power, average revenue declines with output.
▪ This excess of price over both marginal revenue and marginal cost is a convenient measure of the firm's monopoly power.
▪ Also, when profits are driven down to zero, the degree of monopoly power equals the degree of economies of scale.
▪ How should we measure the social cost of monopoly power and inefficient resource allocation?
▪ In this regard, the privatization strategy was criticized as merely transferring monopoly power from the public to the private sector.
▪ We begin with a more general discussion of all forms of imperfect competition and monopoly power.
▪ These of course are the mergers most relevant to the formation of even larger companies with potential monopoly power.
profit
▪ This can result in higher outputs, lower prices and the reduction of monopoly profits.
▪ The large dividends paid by the more successful companies incorporated a substantial element of monopoly profit.
▪ But rather than extract monopoly profits, firms can enjoy their market power by operating with higher costs so being x -inefficient.
▪ In passing, it is worth remarking that the ultimate recipients of monopoly profits are the monopolist's shareholders.
▪ If it falls also on monopoly profits, the total yield of the tax is.
▪ With the simple constant mark-up pricing supposed, the tax on monopoly profit makes no difference.
situation
▪ We had grown up with a monopoly situation and there was no semblance of looking outside.
▪ But the main use of this act in relation to present concerns is regarding exploitation of monopoly situations.
▪ It is not the payment of interest at exorbitant rates and so we are not dealing necessarily with a monopoly situation.
state
▪ There was little or no attempt to denationalize the giant state monopolies thereafter.
▪ But this will entail major political concessions by the government, including the surrender of the state monopoly over electronic media.
▪ The ending of state monopolies in the insurance, alcohol, gas and electricity sectors was also proposed.
▪ But they will still be independent of a powerful state monopoly and monolith.
▪ However, the state monopoly of foreign trade was to become of critical importance later on.
▪ In broadcasting - not a priority issue for the General - the state monopoly of both transmissions and programming was reaffirmed.
▪ On 23 June the state monopoly of radio and television was re-established.
▪ Tax concessions for new companies and the end of the state monopoly on import-export trade were also announced.
supplier
▪ For a time at least the Bank as monopoly supplier can charge any rate it chooses.
telephone
▪ Hundreds of state-owned companies, from the telephone monopoly to steel foundries, have been sold in the past decade.
television
▪ After decades of dreary state-run television monopolies, most of these markets are starting to open up to private competitors.
■ VERB
break
▪ It is my view that the Duty Solicitor scheme was set up by certain parties to break this monopoly.
▪ A reformed Competition Commission will be able to break up monopolies, free from interference from ministers.
▪ We will encourage greater competition in the banking sector. Break up monopolies.
▪ Aethelbald's accession broke the monopoly of royal power in Mercia by Penda and his descendants which had lasted over seventy years.
▪ James met with similar intransigence when he attempted to use his dispensing power to break the Anglican monopoly over education.
claim
▪ The world is now parcelled up in independent States which claim a monopoly in the employment of nationalism.
create
▪ He fears this would merely create a private-sector monopoly and would not improve the service.
▪ In such cases, governments can grant a private monopoly and regulate its prices, or they can create a public monopoly.
▪ Last May it directed member states to do away with licensing rules like Britain's, which create import monopolies.
▪ He created two competing monopolies which are causing considerable unrest within the industry.
enjoy
▪ When an industry is imperfectly competitive we say that each firm in the industry enjoys a degree of monopoly power.
▪ Until this time, Episcopalians enjoyed a near monopoly south of Maryland.
▪ Class politics do not, in any case, enjoy a monopoly of political radicalism.
▪ Playing on the defense are telephone companies and cable television companies, providers that have enjoyed monopoly positions for decades.
▪ We enjoyed a monopoly in this trade, but unfortunately for those successful in the boom, it couldn't last for ever.
grant
▪ It did both under its previous government-#granted monopoly.
▪ In such cases, governments can grant a private monopoly and regulate its prices, or they can create a public monopoly.
hold
▪ One smaller Catalan industry, cork, was more consistent in its growth because it held a monopoly of raw material.
▪ Catherine spoke with unusual authority at a time when men held a near monopoly on religious power in the church.
▪ But it does not necessarily hold these monopoly rights for all time.
lose
▪ It seems Mr Zaitsev may be about to lose his monopoly on fame.
▪ The experiment a success, evolution suddenly lost its monopoly over the power to produce new species.
▪ Solicitors will lose their monopoly on applying for grants of probate to deal with wills.
▪ Telmex loses its monopoly over long-distance telephone service on Jan. 1.
maintain
▪ The first is that it maintain a monopoly of economic power.
▪ All the artificial constraints of maintaining a regulated monopoly mean that it is not in the best interests of the consumer.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ It is not good for consumers if one company has a monopoly in any area of trade.
▪ It was not easy to persuade the monarchy to let go of its monopoly of power.
▪ the De Beers diamond monopoly
▪ Within a few years, the company had a virtual monopoly over all trade with India.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ After decades of dreary state-run television monopolies, most of these markets are starting to open up to private competitors.
▪ Because the state tried to enforce a monopoly on ideas, intellectuals were both at great risk and terrifically influential.
▪ In contrast, public monopolies that are thrust fully into competition have little choice but to please their customers.
▪ It is poor families who are usually stuck with the worst consequences of school monopoly and bureaucratization.
▪ Lewie and his monopoly were gone, a loss of at least a few hundred million dollars more.
▪ Microsoft, which has had a virtual monopoly, has managed 53 % a year.
▪ Tax concessions for new companies and the end of the state monopoly on import-export trade were also announced.
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Monopoly

Monopoly \Mo*nop"o*ly\, n.; pl. Monopolies. [L. monopolium, Gr. ?, ?; mo`nos alone + ? to sell.]

  1. The exclusive power, or privilege of selling a commodity; the exclusive power, right, or privilege of dealing in some article, or of trading in some market; sole command of the traffic in anything, however obtained; as, the proprietor of a patented article is given a monopoly of its sale for a limited time; chartered trading companies have sometimes had a monopoly of trade with remote regions; a combination of traders may get a monopoly of a particular product.

    Raleigh held a monopoly of cards, Essex a monopoly of sweet wines.
    --Macaulay.

  2. Exclusive possession; as, a monopoly of land.

    If I had a monopoly out, they would have part on 't.
    --Shak.

  3. The commodity or other material thing to which the monopoly relates; as, tobacco is a monopoly in France.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
monopoly

"exclusive control of a commodity or trade," 1530s, from Latin monopolium, from Greek monopolion "right of exclusive sale," from mono- + polein "to sell," from PIE root *pel- (5) "to sell" (cognates: Sanskrit panate "barters, purchases," Lithuanian pelnas "gain," Old Church Slavonic splenu, Russian polon "prey, booty," Old Norse falr, Dutch veil, German feil "for sale, venal").\n

\nAlternative form monopole (1540s, from the Old French form of the word) was common in 16c. The popular board game, invented by Charles Darrow, is from 1935. Monopoly money "unreal currency" is attested from 1972, in reference to the paper used in the game.

Wiktionary
monopoly

n. A situation, by legal privilege or other agreement, in which solely one party (company, cartel etc.) exclusively provides a particular product or service, dominating that market and generally exerting powerful control over it.

Related phrases:
WordNet
monopoly

  1. n. (economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller; "a monopoly on silver"; "when you have a monopoly you can ask any price you like"

  2. exclusive control or possession of something; "They have no monopoly on intelligence"

  3. a board game in which players try to gain a monopoly on real estate as pieces advance around the board according to the throw of a die

Related phrases:
Wikipedia
Monopoly

A monopoly (from Greek μόνος mónos ("alone" or "single") and πωλεῖν pōleîn ("to sell")) exists when a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular commodity (this contrasts with a monopsony which relates to a single entity's control of a market to purchase a good or service, and with oligopoly which consists of a few entities dominating an industry). Monopolies are thus characterized by a lack of economic competition to produce the good or service, a lack of viable substitute goods, and the possibility of a high monopoly price well above the firm's marginal cost that leads to a high monopoly profit. The verb monopolise or monopolize refers to the process by which a company gains the ability to raise prices or exclude competitors. In economics, a monopoly is a single seller. In law, a monopoly is a business entity that has significant market power, that is, the power to charge overly high prices. Although monopolies may be big businesses, size is not a characteristic of a monopoly. A small business may still have the power to raise prices in a small industry (or market).

A monopoly is distinguished from a monopsony, in which there is only one buyer of a product or service; a monopoly may also have monopsony control of a sector of a market. Likewise, a monopoly should be distinguished from a cartel (a form of oligopoly), in which several providers act together to coordinate services, prices or sale of goods. Monopolies, monopsonies and oligopolies are all situations such that one or a few of the entities have market power and therefore interact with their customers (monopoly), suppliers (monopsony) and the other companies (oligopoly) in ways that leave market interactions distorted.

Monopolies can be established by a government, form naturally, or form by integration.

In many jurisdictions, competition laws restrict monopolies. Holding a dominant position or a monopoly of a market is often not illegal in itself, however certain categories of behavior can be considered abusive and therefore incur legal sanctions when business is dominant. A government-granted monopoly or legal monopoly, by contrast, is sanctioned by the state, often to provide an incentive to invest in a risky venture or enrich a domestic interest group. Patents, copyrights, and trademarks are sometimes used as examples of government-granted monopolies. The government may also reserve the venture for itself, thus forming a government monopoly.

Monopoly (disambiguation)

A monopoly is the situation when there is one only provider of a specific good or service.

Monopoly may also refer to:

Monopoly (pinball)

Monopoly is a Stern pinball machine designed by Pat Lawlor and released in September 2001. It is based on the board game of the same name.

Monopoly (Tuks album)

Monopoly is the third studio album by Tuks.

Monopoly (game)

Monopoly is a board game that originated in the United States in 1903 as a way to demonstrate that an economy which rewards wealth creation is better than one in which monopolists work under few constraints and to promote the economic theories of Henry George and in particular his ideas about taxation. The current version was first published by Parker Brothers in 1935. Subtitled "The Fast-Dealing Property Trading Game", the game is named after the economic concept of monopoly—the domination of a market by a single entity. It is now produced by the United States game and toy company Hasbro. Players move around the game-board buying or trading properties, developing their properties with houses and hotels, and collecting rent from their opponents, with the goal being to drive them all into bankruptcy leaving one monopolist in control of the entire economy. Since the board game was first commercially sold in the 1930s, it has become a part of popular world culture, having been locally licensed in more than 103 countries and printed in more than thirty-seven languages.

Monopoly (game show)

Monopoly is an American television game show based on the board game of the same name. The format was created by Merv Griffin and produced by his production company, Merv Griffin Enterprises.

Monopoly aired as a summer replacement series on ABC along with Super Jeopardy!, a special tournament edition of Griffin's quiz show. Monopoly premiered on June 16, 1990, and aired following Super Jeopardy! for twelve consecutive Saturday nights until September 1, 1990.

Former Jeopardy! contestant Mike Reilly was chosen to host the series, with Charlie O'Donnell as announcer. Three separate women, Kathy Davis, Kathy Karges, and Michelle Nicholas, served as the co-host/dice roller.

Related phrases:

Usage examples of "monopoly".

At one time, in modernity, this monopoly was legitimated either as the expropriation of weapons from the violent and anarchic mob, the disordered mass of individuals who tend to slaughter one another, or as the instrument of def ense against the enemy, that is, against other peoples organized in states.

The breeders were most astute in maintaining their monopoly of the fabulous and fabulously expensive animals, for they sold but few and then only geldings.

Trade was slow because most of the territory had been beavered out and the Company did not enjoy the monopoly there it had elsewhere.

He wished to establish 6000 bursaries, to be paid by Government, and to be exclusively at his disposal, so that thus possessing the monopoly of education, he could have parcelled it out only to the children of those who were blindly devoted to him.

Although Metabolite does not have a monopoly on test methodsother companies make homocysteine tests, toothey assert licensing rights on the correlation of elevated homocysteine with vitamin deficiency.

I immediately offered to procure a good company at my expense, if the boxes were at once subscribed for, and the monopoly of the faro bank granted to me.

Westminster, and preventing scandalous monopolies of a few engrossing fishmongers, who imposed exorbitant prices on their fish, and, in this particular branch of traffic, gave law to above six hundred thousand of their fellow-citizens.

This law against monopolies, however, was not vigorously enforced until the Imperial Treasurer cited before his tribunal many merchants of Augsburg accused of violating it.

Earth had a monopoly upon the Belos, it would easily win, for the Priami would not be able to penetrate our power fields.

He tried to reduce complicated national issues to memorable slogans - the Vision, the National Development Policy, Unhyphenated Canadianism, the Confederation Platform, the Five-Year Plan, the Bill of Rights, proCanadianism - then represented himself as having a personal monopoly over the undeniably good things for which they stood.

Abstract Owl, the dried-up Western descendant of the Confucianist Dedicated Scholar, who, unlike his Noble but rather Unimaginative ancestor, thinks he has some sort of monopoly on.

The monopoly of the Special Forces and the CIA on counterinsurgent capabilities, moreover, suggests a still-extant doctrinal positon that defines these forms of conflict as unsuitable for regular forces.

Some Divisionists think that the process can be halted short of the eventual monopoly of one replica.

At one time, in modernity, this monopoly was legitimated either as the expropriation of weapons from the violent and anarchic mob, the disordered mass of individuals who tend to slaughter one another, or as the instrument of def ense against the enemy, that is, against other peoples organized in states.

Many of them attempted to break the traditional monopoly of mysticism in the field of ethics and, allegedly, to define a rational, scientific, nonreligious morality.