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Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
maintain
verb
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
cheap to run/use/maintain etc
▪ Gas appliances are usually cheaper to run than electric ones.
▪ For the employer, a part-time workforce means a cheap labour supply.
keep up/maintain a pretence (=keep pretending that you are doing something or that something is true)
▪ She kept up the pretence that her husband had died in order to claim the insurance money.
keep up/maintain morale (=keep morale high)
▪ It was becoming difficult to keep up the morale of the troops.
keep/maintain a balance
▪ Try to keep a balance between your spending and your earnings.
▪ A firm must strive to maintain a balance between business and financial risk.
keep/maintain your composure (=stay calm)
▪ The widow broke down in tears, but her daughters maintained their composure.
maintain a level
▪ It's difficult to maintain the same level of physical fitness.
maintain a position (=keep the rank that you have)
▪ High-status groups do all they can to maintain their positions.
maintain a recordformal
▪ The directors are responsible for maintaining adequate accounting records.
maintain a speed (=keep the same speed)
▪ The aircraft is designed to maintain a steady speed.
maintain momentum (=make something continue at the same pace)
▪ The party was determined to maintain the momentum of reform.
maintain peace
▪ They’re trying to maintain peace.
maintain relations
▪ The Indian government had sought to maintain good relations with China.
maintain standards (=keep them at a good level)
▪ Television companies should maintain standards of taste and decency.
maintain the quality
▪ Staffing problems made it difficult to maintain the quality of the service.
maintain your fitness (=keep your body at a good level of fitness)
▪ She worked hard to maintain her fitness while pregnant.
maintain your lifestyle (=keep your lifestyle as it is)
▪ You cannot maintain this lifestyle on your income.
maintain/carry on/continue/uphold a tradition (=make a tradition continue in the same way or at the same standard as before)
▪ We maintain a tradition of cider making dating from Norman times.
maintain/develop ties
▪ The U.S. is committed to maintaining close ties with Europe.
maintain...facade
▪ She managed to maintain a facade of bravery.
maintain/preserve/defend the status quo (=not make any changes)
▪ Will the West use its influence to maintain the status quo and not disrupt the flow of oil?
maintain/sustain growth
▪ Governments that want to survive have to maintain growth.
protest/maintain your innocence (=say repeatedly that you are not guilty)
▪ The prisoners continued to protest their innocence.
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADVERB
still
▪ Small scale production is still maintained.
▪ Stockdale is in good health and still maintains an office at Stanford.
▪ Being capable of risking showing one's own personal vulnerability while still maintaining professional standards.
▪ They can still maintain being in the military, still maintain their medical benefits.
▪ The couple still maintain close links with local schools, where they spend hours researching, sketching and absorbing jokes.
▪ I had to get rid of that albatross called my ego, but still maintain self-assurance.
▪ With the violence showing no signs of ending, thousands of soldiers must still maintain a military presence.
▪ The prosecutor still maintained White abused the children.
■ NOUN
balance
▪ Research has suggested that for blood cells, this lipid asymmetry may help to maintain the delicate balance between haemostasis and thrombosis.
▪ In the years that followed, achievements by one side or the other alternated, maintaining a precarious balance of power.
▪ However, Black's influence over the dark squares should be sufficient to maintain the balance.
▪ Languages seem to maintain a balance in expressiveness and grammatical complexity over time.
▪ There was also an environmental objective - to maintain a proper balance between human needs and the natural environment.
▪ Workers in fishnet organizations must figure out how to maintain this kind of balance.
▪ Agency definitions of abuse and what behaviours constitute abuse must maintain the balance of responsibility between the abuser and abused.
▪ A well-run firm must strive to maintain an appropriate balance between business and financial risk.
contact
▪ Men maintained some contact with their place of origin and might remember it in their wills.
▪ By maintaining close contact with produce companies, Fahey secures the freshest ingredients for his menu.
▪ Home Office officials maintain contact with them by attending conferences and meetings, and periodically on a closer and more continuing basis.
▪ The report also faults the balloon crew for failing to maintain radio contact with the ground.
▪ It maintains the longest contact with the skin when it is most required.
▪ I am having difficulty in maintaining contact with Earth.
▪ Margaret maintained close contact with the branches, especially in the north, and inspired many campaigns.
▪ But you should give some thought to how you maintain contact.
control
▪ In the second place, it involves some intention to maintain that control on the part of the possessor.
▪ In contrast, the military maintained strict control over the information that was available during the Persian Gulf War in 1991.
▪ Within his government he maintained strict control over the formulation of policy, a control which tightened as the crisis wore on.
▪ Other legislators say the priority should be maintaining control of U.S. immigration and not rewarding lawbreakers.
▪ It is difficult to maintain control where a scattered enforcement staff possess high discretion.
▪ For Beyster, employee ownership is an effective way to maintain control.
▪ The knowledge workers in the insurance company were responsible for processing this mass of data to maintain operational control of the business.
▪ Using this approach you will maintain more control over the conversation and get what you want.
environment
▪ For individuals, the costs of maintaining a safe environment are, however, by no means all in the category of indirect taxation.
▪ Obviously knowledge as well as self-discipline is necessary to prevent accidents and maintain a safe environment.
▪ Structures of management and finance devised to maintain environments and institutions may not be the same as are needed to oversee renewal.
▪ The individual's level of stress is known to be important in relation to maintaining a safe environment.
▪ Such people need help in maintaining their environment in a condition which is safe for them until their mood improves.
▪ He argues that by maintaining the job environment at an acceptable level then feelings of dissatisfaction can be avoided.
▪ For many of them, their inability to maintain a safe environment is only temporary, but for others it may be permanent.
▪ Preventing pollution One dimension of maintaining a safe environment is the prevention of pollution.
interest
▪ The spread of prizemoney will help maintain interest until the end of the season.
▪ But he has also said that he maintains an interest in the race.
▪ In order for him to maintain interest he needed to work in short spurts.
▪ In the Army, he played football and maintained his interest in all things artistic, especially jazz.
▪ Whether this is generally true or not is not strictly relevant to attempts to heighten or maintain interest in a case.
▪ You can become resigned to the monotony of captivity and give up the struggle to maintain your own interests and identity.
▪ Subsequent work by Aitken was largely within the field of meteorology, although he maintained other interests.
level
▪ The War drained men from many schools which then experienced great difficulty in maintaining staffing levels.
▪ Or can they maintain their level of excellence?
▪ Whatever the method, it is vital to keep accurate, up-to-date figures so that the retailer can maintain the ideal stock level.
▪ The other anticonvulsants should be used in whatever dosage is required to maintain therapeutic blood levels. 4.
▪ Hence an increase of 7 percent would have been required to maintain the real level of spending.
▪ You must content yourself with maintaining your present level and role in the organization for the duration or leave!
▪ To help maintain an optimum level of excitement.
▪ His chances of accomplishing policy change will also be enhanced if he maintains high levels of support in public opinion polls.
momentum
▪ To maintain the upward momentum, Parke must keep his ambitions high, yet keep his feet on the ground.
▪ He is committed to maintaining that momentum.
▪ Johnson maintained the momentum with baskets.
▪ To be blunt about it, the challenge confronting Mr Heseltine is how to maintain his momentum.
▪ He ignored complaints from alarmed consumer groups in order to maintain popular momentum for a measure he regards as essential.
▪ Mr Tung must maintain momentum towards democratic reforms, increasing the number of directly elected representatives in the territory's legislature.
▪ Arizona State maintained a shred of momentum early in the second half.
need
▪ The arguments continue over the need and relevance of maintaining an established Church in a multi cultural society.
▪ Indeed, the need to maintain the facade of politesse is often paramount.
▪ I plan to consider these questions as they relate to the human need to create and maintain self-identity in a social context.
▪ The size of barrier needed is set against the need to maintain volumes.
▪ One reason for this is the need to maintain an up-to-date register of those liable to pay.
▪ He spoke of the importance of professional education and the need to maintain professional standards.
▪ The need to maintain simplicity in any pricing system, that does not distort but helps articulate the assessment process.
order
▪ Their primary purpose is the conservative one of helping to sustain and maintain the existing order of things.
▪ Richard finds himself being assigned by Sal for a murderous control mission to maintain order.
▪ On Oct. 2 the government had sent in troops to maintain order.
▪ Members of these groups, which are linked together in an organic whole, work cooperatively to maintain the social order.
▪ He was much more intent on maintaining public order.
▪ Hayes asserted that he had been deceived by the southern promises to maintain order.
▪ It arises from the need to maintain law and order.
▪ The army brought in thousands of extra troops, and put tanks and helicopters at West Bank checkpoints to help maintain order.
position
▪ The various devices used by the courts to maintain the present position will be discussed below.
▪ The controller can escape responsibility if he can maintain the position that the individual himself is in control.
▪ According to him, greedy business people often looked to the government for help in maintaining their position.
▪ To maintain a sound financial position.
▪ When I was a hundred yards from Orange Three, I accelerated gently to maintain the position.
▪ Illegal activities often helped high-status groups maintain their positions.
▪ From this point of view the professional-managerial class are likely to try to maintain their position by forming themselves into professions.
quality
▪ Counselling is concerned with maintaining the quality of life of older people for as long as possible.
▪ The facility will offer HIV-infected homeless youth access to care and services to help them maintain a higher quality of life.
▪ The threat of losing the licence provides an incentive to the companies to maintain a high quality performance.
▪ Key messages include the need to plan audits adequately, to record audit work performed and to maintain adequate quality assurance procedures.
▪ To maintain a high quality exploration portfolio focusing on core business areas and under-explored prospective basins.
▪ But variety made it difficult to maintain consistent quality.
▪ These checks are ongoing, ensuring that companies maintain the stringent quality requirements.
▪ First, they could become very efficient by cutting unnecessary costs, although they must maintain quality.
rate
▪ This aided the operation of the fixed exchange rate system and helped to maintain a low inflation rate in the international economy.
▪ In most patients, it is desirable to use dosages that maintain a pulse rate greater than 60.
▪ However, if two crewmen are slain, the remaining crewman will be unable to maintain the normal rate of fire.
▪ They maintained biological productivity rates similar to outside ecosystems.
▪ Fifty runs were assembled in the first 15 overs, but even maintaining that rate required a certain air of desperation.
▪ The two may interact with one another - for instance when countries try to control capital outflows in order to maintain a given exchange rate.
▪ Above this size he is unable to maintain this rate of involvement.
▪ Some blame arguably can be attached also to the Reserve Bank's policy of maintaining high real interest rates.
record
▪ We maintain an enviable record against schools five and 10 times our size.
▪ Embalmers maintain records such as embalming reports, and itemized lists of clothing or valuables delivered with the body.
▪ Obviously it is necessary to maintain the records during the period of intervention.
▪ Simple mechanical devices were placed in the test room to maintain an accurate record of output.
▪ Indeed, the use of electronic documentation systems should enhance a organisation's ability to maintain full and accurate records.
▪ Failure to maintain proper records would be a criminal offence.
▪ Organisational needs Organisations will need to collect information and maintain records for a range of internal management purposes.
relationship
▪ Since then, they had maintained their relationship - a kind of teasing familiarity - but he had never proposed marriage again.
▪ The subordinates acknowledged that some conflicts would inevitably arise, no matter how well the manager maintained the web of relationships.
▪ Colleagues of Gilbey have always maintained that his relationship with the princess is strictly platonic.
▪ But you also have to grow up and find a way of developing and maintaining good relationships.
▪ I will give some examples of signals that maintain relationships within a species from a familiar companion animal, the domestic cat.
▪ Therefore, the better you become at maintaining relationships the fewer conflicts you will be forced to deal with. 2.
▪ One main purpose of communicating is to establish and maintain human relationships.
▪ The challenge comes in building and maintaining these relationships to the benefit of all concerned.
standard
▪ But there are now several recognised cooking methods that not only maintain the standards of traditional cooking, but improve on them.
▪ The 6 million people of Hong Kong have an obvious stake in maintaining their high standard of living.
▪ A new way of consumption was enforced but it tended to sacrifice social economy so as to maintain artificial standards of living.
▪ First, maintaining professional standards has arguably never been more important.
▪ Being capable of risking showing one's own personal vulnerability while still maintaining professional standards.
▪ They were to be prepared for their maternal duties and given material assistance to maintain a higher standard of motherhood.
▪ Moreover, they have maintained relatively high standards of education.
status
▪ Despite these disadvantages, many older people have been able to maintain their social status by remaining active, alert and healthy.
▪ These will include maintaining the status quo, retaining hunting with new restrictions, a partial ban, and a total ban.
▪ Egocentrism acts to maintain the structural status quo.
▪ But this is a result of those at the top of the hierarchy maintaining their status amongst their subordinates.
▪ True reconciliation, however, means anything but maintaining the status quo.
▪ We want to maintain our sense of status.
▪ Between 1877 and 1900 the Constitution and statutes drafted by the Republicans were circumvented or utilized to maintain the racial status quo.
system
▪ The B vitamins are important too for maintaining a healthy nervous system and stress can accelerate their loss from your body.
▪ A country that maintains a strong banking system and a strong, stable currency reaps real rewards.
▪ You can ask yourself how it is possible to maintain a system like apartheid over 300 years without cooperation.
▪ The way to avoid this was to vote Tory and secure a majority government maintaining the existing system.
▪ Niacin helps maintain a healthy nervous system and skin.
▪ Competition was restricted by member firms by maintaining a minimum commission system.
▪ However, there will still be the ongoing task of maintaining the system that has been created.
▪ Among the looting and fighting a lot of the villagers had managed to maintain their traditional systems for support.
tradition
▪ Protestants and Catholics certainly see themselves as different peoples with different histories, and for the most part maintain different cultural traditions.
▪ At least one House Republican freshman maintains a hoary political tradition by staging town meetings with his constituents.
▪ If Britain is to maintain its tradition of excellent clinical research adequate support must be provided for the clinical costs of research.
▪ The Vale of White Horse Hunt maintains a centuries old tradition.
▪ What mattered were, first, to maintain the tradition of worship in the parish, and second, reconciliation.
▪ Clearly the News of the World strongly maintained the tradition of the crime broadsheets through most of the twentieth century.
▪ Drama has maintained its strong tradition, with a major performance each year.
▪ Unfortunately, the number of cheese-making farms has dwindled and there are now only four or five left to maintain the tradition.
■ VERB
continue
▪ You can be assured that these superior standards will continue to be maintained too.
▪ Instead, they continue to maintain their position by holding the world to economic and military ransom.
▪ Because that self-interest has continued, we have maintained our membership, even though we continue to run an imbalance on our trade.
▪ Core support services such as Analytical, Technical Information Services and a small engineering technology function will continue to be maintained.
▪ During the three months before the move the two bases will continue to be maintained fully staffed.
▪ We shall continue to maintain human and cultural contacts wherever this can be done without compromise of principle.
▪ Stuart continued to maintain that their was best, being representative of the middle course.
establish
▪ The right to education is meaningless unless schools and institutions of higher learning are established and maintained.
▪ But how is true community established and maintained?
▪ Ensure that an adequate system for taking backup files is established and maintained.
▪ The prosperous trans-Saharan trade alone had established and maintained their brilliant and precocious supremacy.
▪ In studying it, one has to explore the methods and techniques by which such restraints are established and maintained.
▪ Inability to establish and maintain meaningful interpersonal relationships 2.
▪ Within these objectives the association is empowered: To establish and maintain appropriate standards of competence for managers in the industry.
▪ To establish and maintain a library.
help
▪ It helped to maintain levels of production and to prevent price-cutting wars which led to further bankruptcies and so to further unemployment.
▪ Some things help us to maintain our brotherhood, and sisterhood, under the skin.
▪ They will therefore consider how stratification systems help to maintain order and stability in society.
▪ The facility will offer HIV-infected homeless youth access to care and services to help them maintain a higher quality of life.
▪ Pride of this nature helps to maintain good standards.
▪ The army brought in thousands of extra troops, and put tanks and helicopters at West Bank checkpoints to help maintain order.
▪ In other words, imported goods and services help maintain consumption levels in the marketable sector.
▪ To help maintain that kind of output, the company has about six training programs.
require
▪ Once admitted, the solicitor is required to maintain a practising certificate, for which a substantial annual fee is charged.
▪ This minimum balance that the firm is required to maintain is referred to as a compensating balance.
▪ Manufacturers would be required to maintain dossiers in a standard format on each product, a measure designed to facilitate safety checks.
▪ Some working relationships require more effort to maintain them than others.
▪ The sub-contractor should be required to maintain safe working conditions on the site and to operate within the current safety legislation.
▪ The arrangement requires Gingrich to maintain life insurance to cover the outstanding interest and principal.
▪ Hence an increase of 7 percent would have been required to maintain the real level of spending.
▪ The other anticonvulsants should be used in whatever dosage is required to maintain therapeutic blood levels. 4.
try
▪ We try to maintain a balance between education and erotica.
▪ Some plantation families tried desperately to maintain their traditional lifestyle by pretending they still had slaves.
▪ It was important to try to maintain a constant pressure in both the fuel and oxidizer tanks during the flight.
▪ He tried to maintain an outward in-difference by chatting casually with members of his group.
▪ From this point of view the professional-managerial class are likely to try to maintain their position by forming themselves into professions.
▪ Bedford had tried to maintain that inner confidence that had illumined his mind on the Fulton Street pier.
▪ So try to maintain normal meals at normal mealtimes, and normal sleeping patterns as far as possible.
▪ I try to maintain a regime that keeps wildlife happy.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ Air France has maintained a high level of service for many years.
▪ An attempt was being made to maintain the grounds, but weeds were starting to grow in the driveway.
▪ Cox said he and his wife, Chrissy, were "trying to just maintain."
▪ Dieters should try to reach and maintain a reasonable weight.
▪ His first job was installing and maintaining computers.
▪ His role is to maintain the society's fleet of vans, ready to respond in any emergency.
▪ It's hard to do this job and still maintain a marriage.
▪ It is best if divorced parents can maintain friendly relations for the sake of the children.
▪ King lives in Chicago but maintains an apartment in New York.
▪ My mother always maintains that I learned to talk at six months.
▪ Our main wish is to help maintain world peace.
▪ Residents work in the downstairs shop, and also help to maintain the building.
▪ The authors of "Superdiet' maintain you can lose pounds without eating less.
▪ They're finding it difficult to maintain such high interest rates.
▪ Volkswagen has maintained close business ties with them for over 20 years.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Ball maintains the prerequisite glum visage, but he's clearly happy standing behind his bank of electronic equipment.
▪ Barges of Lee's fleet were always well maintained and were never over-loaded.
▪ It is surely a question of maintaining an appropriate balance, and is not something that can be taken for granted.
▪ Once learned, values must be maintained.
▪ Simple mechanical devices were placed in the test room to maintain an accurate record of output.
▪ This is cheaper than pure goose down but like all down bags maintains superb loft capacity.
▪ Throughout this history the two sides have maintained two distinct takes on hacking.
▪ We want to maintain our sense of status.
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Maintain

Maintain \Main*tain\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maintained; p. pr. & vb. n. Maintaining.] [OE. maintenen, F. maintenir, properly, to hold by the hand; main hand (L. manus) + F. tenir to hold (L. tenere). See Manual, and Tenable.]

  1. To hold or keep in any particular state or condition; to support; to sustain; to uphold; to keep up; not to suffer to fail or decline; as, to maintain a certain degree of heat in a furnace; to maintain a fence or a railroad; to maintain the digestive process or powers of the stomach; to maintain the fertility of soil; to maintain present reputation.

  2. To keep possession of; to hold and defend; not to surrender or relinquish.

    God values . . . every one as he maintains his post.
    --Grew.

  3. To continue; not to suffer to cease or fail.

    Maintain talk with the duke.
    --Shak.

  4. To bear the expense of; to support; to keep up; to supply with what is needed.

    Glad, by his labor, to maintain his life.
    --Stirling.

    What maintains one vice would bring up two children.
    --Franklin.

  5. To affirm; to support or defend by argument.

    It is hard to maintain the truth, but much harder to be maintained by it.
    --South.

    Syn: To assert; vindicate; allege. See Assert.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
maintain

mid-13c., "to practice habitually," from Anglo-French meintenir (Old French maintenir, 12c.) "keep (a wife), sustain; persevere in, practice continually," from Latin manu tenere "hold in the hand," from manu, ablative of manus "hand" (see manual) + tenere "to hold" (see tenet). Meaning "to carry on, keep up" is from mid-14c.; that of "to keep oneself, to support" is from late 14c. Sense of "to defend in speech" is from mid-14c. Related: Maintained; maintaining; maintains.

Wiktionary
maintain

vb. (context obsolete transitive English) To support (someone), to back up or assist (someone) in an action. (14th-19thc.)

WordNet
maintain
  1. v. keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., "keep clean"; "hold in place"; "She always held herself as a lady"; "The students keep me on my toes" [syn: keep, hold]

  2. keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction; "We preserve these archeological findings"; "The old lady could not keep up the building"; "children must be taught to conserve our national heritage"; "The museum curator conserved the ancient manuscripts" [syn: conserve, preserve, keep up]

  3. supply with necessities and support; "She alone sustained her family"; "The money will sustain our good cause"; "There's little to earn and many to keep" [syn: sustain, keep]

  4. state categorically [syn: assert, asseverate]

  5. of power or authority [syn: wield, exert]

  6. maintain for use and service; "I keep a car in the countryside"; "She keeps an apartment in Paris for her shopping trips" [syn: keep]

  7. maintain by writing regular records; "keep a diary"; "maintain a record"; "keep notes" [syn: keep]

  8. state or assert; "He maintained his innocence" [syn: defend]

  9. support against an opponent; "The appellate court upheld the verdict" [syn: uphold]

  10. observe correctly or closely; "The pianist kept time with the metronome"; "keep count"; "I cannot keep track of all my employees" [syn: observe, keep]

Wikipedia

Usage examples of "maintain".

To accomplish this design, he studied to protect his industrious subjects, and to moderate the violence, without enervating the valor, of his soldiers, who were maintained for the public defence.

Another reason was, the French inhabitants being very loyal to the crown, of very simple habits, and possessing institutions to which they were attached, it was advisable that means for maintaining those institutions should be reserved to them.

After his return to his ranch, a correspondence had been maintained between the two, Annixter taking the precaution to typewrite his letters, and never affixing his signature, in an excess of prudence.

The father of the navigator, Victor Joseph de Galaup, succeeded to property which maintained him in a position of influence and affluence among his neighbours.

Old Testament in the religious history of the world, lies just in this, that, in order to be maintained at all, it required the application of the allegoric method, that is, a definite proportion of Greek ideas, and that, on the other hand, it opposed the strongest barrier to the complete hellenising of Christianity.

Zelzony has settled to a painful brood over her explosive and ambivalent emotions, trying to wrestle them into a shape more pleasing to her and more conducive to maintaining her self-esteem.

Switters considered a similar, perhaps synchronous indulgence but decided instead to review the prophecies, about which he maintained, not altogether uncharacteristically, ambivalent feelings.

The Church at Milan maintains the Ambrosian liturgy to the present date.

The energy cell in her thoughtmitter carries sufficient charge to maintain amplitude match for one hundred seventy hours, give or take ten.

So we Uditi still maintain that as an ownerless old-born the Anarch alone can legally sell himself, and we are now waiting for his decision.

It will require a strong standing army, and probably more than two hundred millions per annum, to maintain the supremacy of negro governments after they are established,--a sum thus thrown away which would, if properly used, form a sinking-fund large enough to pay the whole National debt in less than fifteen years.

Modern medicine could do a lot to maintain vitality and check the ravages of time, but cellular apoptosis always won in the end.

Maintaining the literary aporia for Kundera seems to entail flirting with antifeminist politics, if not playing into the hands of conservative politics in general.

Some writers of ability and eminence have tried to maintain that the Johannean conception of Satan was of some exalted archangel who apostatized from the law of God and fell from heaven into the abyss of night, sin, and woe.

The principle, applicable to both federal and State courts, that the Court first assuming jurisdiction over property may maintain and exercise that jurisdiction to the exclusion of the other, was held not to be confined to cases where the property has actually been seized under judicial process, but applies as well to suits brought for marshalling assets, administering trusts, or liquidating estates and to suits of a similar nature, where to give effect to its jurisdiction the Court must control the property.