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Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
dendrochronology

"dating by tree rings," 1928; see dendro- + chronology.

Wiktionary
dendrochronology

n. (context biology archaeology English) The science that uses the spacing between the annual growth rings of trees to date their exact year of formation.

Wikipedia
Dendrochronology

Dendrochronology (from , dendron, "tree limb"; , khronos, "time"; and , -logia), or tree-ring dating, is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year. This has three main areas of application: paleoecology, where it is used to determine certain aspects of past ecologies (most prominently climate); archaeology and the history of art and architecture, where it is used to date old panel paintings on wood, buildings, etc.; and radiocarbon dating, where it is used to calibrate radiocarbon ages (see below). In some areas of the world, it is possible to date wood back a few thousand years, or even many thousands. As of 2013, fully anchored chronologies in the northern hemisphere extend back 13,900 years.

Usage examples of "dendrochronology".

Although of interest originally to astronomers, dendrochronology became popular with archeologists.

Doubtless in the long run, archeologists could restore the continuity by means of varves or dendrochronology, but it would save a lot of work if someone merely kept the tradition.

This dating technique is called dendrochronology, and Giddings decided to apply it to his attempt to determine the age of the muck deposits.

His question made her remember something she'd read about dendrochronology, an ancient system for determining the age of buildings by dating the wood in them by seasonal growth rings.