Wikipedia
Chumak is a historic occupation on the territory of the modern Ukraine as merchants or traders, primarily known for the trade in salt.
Chumaks grew as a merchant class facilitating trade of salt from the areas of Halychyna as well as the coastal areas of Black and Azov Seas, in addition to other items.
They prospered until the end of the 19th century, when competition from railroads made longer trade routes unprofitable. The process of transportation was conducted by a wagons that were pulled by two oxen paired with yoke. Oxen were often of Bessarabian breed.
Chumaks were the most popular during the times of the Cossack Hetmanate (17th century) trading between the Moscow state, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Crimean Khanate, and Moldavia. Further modernization marginalized traditional economic activity, and relegated Chumak traders to areas in western Ukraine with the lowest levels of service.
Chumak was a merchant / carter of Ukrainian history and folklore
Chumak may also refer to:
- Chumak (surname)
- Chumak (company), a food processor in Kakhovka, Ukraine
- Jumak, another Romanization referring to a type of tavern in old Korean society
Chumak is a popular folk dance from Ukraine. In it, the dancers reenact the lives of salt-merchants. The dancers begin by interpreting mining salt from a cave, they then proceed to go through the desalinization process, which allows them to sprinkle their salt on pretzels, all while dancing. It is performed by amateurs, professional Ukrainian dance ensembles as well as other performers of folk dances.
Category:Ukrainian dances Category:Ukrainian Canadian culture
Chumak is a Swedish-Ukrainian food processing company located in Kakhovka, Kherson Oblast. It is today one of Ukraine's biggest food processing companies and has commercial offices in Kiev, Minsk and Moscow. Among its products are ketchup, mayonnaise, pasta, salad dressings, cooking sauces, canned vegetables, marinated vegetables, tomato juice and sunflower oil. Chumak is the largest tomato processing company in Central and Eastern Europe. The company currently (2010) employs about 1200 people and has a revenue of about 48 million Euros.
The company was founded in 1996, first under the name South Food, Inc, by the two young Swedish entrepreneurs Johan Bodén and his nephew Carl Sturén. They soon got financial help from Hans Rausing of Tetra Pak who got 66,7% of the company. The latter sold his share of the company in early 2008 to the Swedish investment company East Capital (22,2%) and the Ukrainian investment bank Dragon (44,5%).
The surname Chumak, from the Ukrainian term chumak, may refer to:
- Allan Chumak, a Russian hypnotist and faith healer
- Dmytro Chumak
- Igor Chumak
- Roman Chumak, goalkeeper for FC Vorskla Poltava
- Yevhen Chumak, midfielder for FC Dinamo Kyiv
- Yuriy Chumak