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Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
calculate
verb
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a calculated gamble (=one in which you consider the risks very carefully)
▪ He made a calculated gamble that an early election would return his party to power.
deliberate/calculated/outright deceit
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADVERB
as
▪ Brains, teeth, and antlers Relative organ size his been calculated as before.
▪ These were then calculated as percentages to allow direct comparisons.
how
▪ Its designers have calculated how its reliability increases with more memory.
▪ This would allow investors to factor out inflation before calculating how much money they made on the sale of a particular asset.
▪ Given certain pieces of data, it is necessary to calculate how many words in the lexicon match this search criteria.
▪ I waited, looking on while he calculated how much she owed him.
▪ Miss Logan calculated how far away their horses were tethered, and was not encouraged.
▪ There were people calling radio shows calculating how many wins it would take to reach the playoffs.
▪ And if you know the history of the universe in imaginary time, you can calculate how it behaves in real time.
▪ Part of the estimating process had involved calculating how many detailed drawings were needed.
■ NOUN
amount
▪ Scaling a means of calculating the amount of enlargement or reduction necessary to accommodate a photograph within the area of a design.
▪ In this case the theoretical yield is calculated from the amount of reactant which is not used in excess.
▪ This online service, dubbed Redemption Buster, aims to calculate the total amount of savings associated with remortgaging.
▪ Nylon cord: To calculate the amount, add together the width of the blind plus four times the length.
basis
▪ The annual budget was calculated on a historical basis of costs from previous years.
▪ Payments are calculated on the basis of the worker's age, length of continuous service, and pay.
▪ Confidence intervals for these were calculated on the basis of the associated binomial probability.
▪ Obviously he was calculating on the basis of marginal costs of running the car, but this is what all motorists do.
▪ Copy Database Working-Set Database Volumes are calculated on the following basis.
▪ Should any additional flights be introduced after publication of this brochure then they will be calculated on the same basis.
▪ Finally, morbidity rates can be calculated on the basis of data provided by national surveys of self-reported illness.
▪ Since 1989 benefits have been calculated on a daily basis rather than a weekly basis.
benefit
▪ Anniversaries are never a good time for calculating the costs and benefits of any relationship.
▪ Instead they have calculated benefits using a calculator and storing files in manila folders.
▪ The question for a public inquiry is whether that is a sensible way of calculating the direct benefit.
correlation
Correlation coefficients were calculated by Spearman rank correlation test and, in selected instances, the chi square test.
▪ Spearman's Rank-Order Correlation Coefficient was calculated to determine the correlation between relative frequency and coverage.
Correlation coefficients were calculated as Spearman rank correlations and comparison between the two methods by the sign test.
▪ The least square method was used in calculating the correlations.
▪ For each subject the correlation between this score and their familiarity ratings for the 10 junctions was calculated.
▪ Because subjects differ between the experiments the correlations calculated here are simply correlations over the 60 films of the mean ratings.
cost
▪ Column inch a measure of area used in newspapers and magazines to calculate the cost of display advertising.
▪ If there is no way to calculate these costs, we can believe that they run into many billions.
▪ How would you calculate the social cost of monopoly?
▪ In order for the caterer to calculate a realistic cost per person, you must give as much information as possible.
▪ Anniversaries are never a good time for calculating the costs and benefits of any relationship.
▪ Before buying omelet mixtures, calculate the cost.
▪ The Newcastle prescribing index was calculated from item and cost information.
costs
▪ Lowe had already calculated launch costs as at least £4 million.
▪ If there is no way to calculate these costs, we can believe that they run into many billions.
▪ Anniversaries are never a good time for calculating the costs and benefits of any relationship.
▪ Imagine you are going to calculate the running costs of a car, a whole fleet of cars if you wish.
difference
▪ Methane concentrations were calculated as the difference between breath and a corresponding room air sample.
▪ Essentially this feedforward network uses a refinement of the Widrow-Hoff technique, which calculates the difference between actual outputs and desired outputs.
▪ To compensate for differences in flow rates during perfusion, the appearance rates of myeloperoxidase and cytokines were calculated.
▪ Labflow can also store and calculate flow differences.
▪ Next, calculate the difference, less your out-standing mortgage.
distance
▪ I calculated angles and distances and located the nearest exit.
▪ Then calculate the distance walked in the same way as above.
▪ With this information, the device calculates the distance between the user and the satellite.
▪ Trent had calculated the distance between the culvert and the junction of the old and new rivers as less than four miles.
▪ Trent wiped the rain from his eyes as he tried to calculate speed and distance against the drift of the Zodiac.
▪ Spinrad has then been able to go to work calculating their distance.
▪ Using geometrical considerations he could calculate the distance from Polheim to the pole.
effect
▪ Johansson's team calculated the effect of different energy mixes, used at different levels of efficiency.
▪ Some had big wings, some had small wings, but nobody knew how to calculate the aerodynamic effects.
▪ She tried to calculate the effect of telling them all.
▪ A theory with only charged W particles turns out to have infinite quantities that arise in calculating certain effects.
▪ To calculate the effect of an indirect causal path, the values of adjacent paths are multiplied.
▪ We must first calculate the effect of this change on the resource column.
figure
▪ Clarke had a passionate interest in calculating the figure of the Earth, another central problem for an accurate topographical survey.
▪ The other jobs have some slack in them and this can be calculated as in Figure 6.7.
▪ The government calculated its figures on the basis of the growth rate of consumer prices on an annual basis.
▪ This will enable Mr Damant to calculate a better figure of maintainable earnings than has been possible in the past.
▪ One way of calculating this figure is to compare the dose from given levels of contamination of polonium-210 and iodine-131.
▪ Memorial uses conservative criteria to calculate its figures, and the true death toll is probably much higher.
▪ At any job symbol both the free float and the total slack, as defined in Figure 6.7, can be calculated.
figures
▪ The government calculated its figures on the basis of the growth rate of consumer prices on an annual basis.
▪ Memorial uses conservative criteria to calculate its figures, and the true death toll is probably much higher.
formula
▪ These assumptions and the mathematical formula used to calculate the volume have been described and validated by Everson and colleagues.
▪ Shown below is a simple and acceptable formula for calculating the written down value of smaller plant.
income
▪ This would normally be deducted from dividend income before calculating the income available for distribution to unit holders.
▪ Request a copy of your Social Security and or pension earnings, and calculate any interest income.
▪ The lender will work out the level of advance by calculating your disposable income after deducting the regular outgoings.
▪ In addition, there is some uncertainty about how to calculate discounted future income for the representative household.
▪ Full-time fees for students are calculated according to total parental income.
▪ But if the damages are calculated without reference to income tax that will not be so.
index
▪ One is to provide that the rent shall be calculated as if the index had not been adjusted.
▪ A more accurate assessment can be gained by calculating your body mass index or your percentage of body fat.
▪ Measure and calculate the detour index for the route between Plymouth and Exeter.
▪ As an example, suppose that we wish to calculate the Retail Price Index for April 1985.
interest
▪ Traditionally, lenders have calculated the interest annually, which means you effectively pay interest on money you no longer owe.
▪ Request a copy of your Social Security and or pension earnings, and calculate any interest income.
▪ The table above calculates your interest payments per month, although it should be used only as an approximate guide.
▪ I should never have even calculated the interest.
loss
▪ Normally we check with your employer and calculate any losses.
▪ It will take far longer to calculate other losses.
▪ Once more, there are a number of different methods of calculating the loss.
▪ Child calculated his loss at $ 2. 5 million.
method
▪ At first sight this method for calculating the poverty line seems reliable and sufficiently scientific to warrant its continued use.
▪ There are other methods for calculating water deficit.
▪ The least square method was used in calculating the correlations.
▪ These two methods were used to calculate the relative bidirectional reflectance of ten contrasting surfaces.
▪ But eurobonds make annual payments, and the appropriate method of calculating the yield to maturity is to use annual discounting.
▪ A method of calculating additional overhead expenditure is as follows.
▪ Once more, there are a number of different methods of calculating the loss.
number
▪ The amount is calculated according to the number of years for which you have paid contributions.
▪ We calculate the number of connections as follows.
▪ Questions relating to counting and calculating with whole numbers are generally tackled by girls as well as or better than by boys.
▪ The number of bowel actions each week was calculated.
▪ The package provides you with a means to calculate the number of radiators required to heat a building.
▪ Answer guide: Students could calculate this in a number of ways.
▪ Attendance rates are calculated by dividing the number of openings in the school register by the number of pupils present.
▪ I was trying to calculate the exact number of hours which the motion allows the Committee to spend debating the Bill.
odds
▪ An actuary, assuming no casual connection, might calculate the odds against such a coincidence.
▪ Lupo said oddsmakers use theoretical win percentages to calculate the odds, as they would on a sporting event.
▪ From the calculating of odds and strategies and tactics?
▪ Of course this could be a coincidence but we can calculate the odds against this.
▪ The business of lending money is like gambling-the creditors calculate the odds of the money being repaid.
▪ Now he merely appraised the situation, calculating the odds for life against death.
▪ Within minutes it was very strong and while my partner seconded I began calculating the odds of freezing to death.
percentage
▪ It is then often necessary to calculate the percentage yield.
▪ It can be calculated as a Percentage rate.
▪ In this way the formula of a compound can be used to calculate the percentage composition by mass of a compound.
▪ Scoring the log One easy way is to calculate the percentage of possible occasions when a particular activity or environmental condition applies.
▪ Effects of cimetidine and histamine of the cells were calculated as a percentage of the untreated controls.
▪ These can be compared to the original volume to calculate the percentage of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air.
price
▪ Suppose you had written a function called FN_discount to calculate the discount price from the normal retail price.
▪ Voice over Commuters are calculating the price they have to pay for comfort and punctuality.
▪ We can calculate the price per unit along the following lines: However, this only yields an average selling price.
▪ Sometimes he calculates the price on an abacus and then indicates the total.
▪ But when calculating the price of your holiday, don't forget to add on any applicable flight supplement detailed there.
▪ The cost was calculated in terms of the current price of slaughter stock, and so many head were then requested.
▪ These have been used to calculate continuous price series for 50 individual items based on 10 year average prices.
▪ It is debatable whether calculating the price is an art or a science.
probability
▪ Ninety five percent confidence intervals for the relative risk was calculated using exact probabilities.
▪ A young Salomon Brothers trader named Howie Rubin began to calculate the probability of homeowners' prepaying their mortgages.
▪ To calculate the joint probability of the coincidence occurring in any one minute we multiply the two separate probabilities.
rate
▪ These data were used to calculate annual referral rates using the practice populations as the denominator.
▪ In addition to net present value, the internal rate of return on a capital budgeting project is also calculated.
▪ This is done by calculating a rate of discount.
▪ It can be calculated as a Percentage rate.
▪ There is a simple way of calculating your aerobic walking rate.
▪ Take your pulse in the same way that you calculated your resting pulse rate earlier.
▪ The first is to calculate the risk-adjusted discount rate and apply it to the unadjusted cash flows.
▪ He calculated these as suicide rates in relation to the size of the population in which they occurred.
ratio
▪ Holmes calculated a ratio of approximately 2.4:1.
▪ The labelling index was calculated as the ratio of Ki-67 positive to negative cells per crypt.
▪ Sharpe calculated a benchmark ratio using the Dow Jones Industrial Average as a proxy for the market portfolio.
▪ We also calculated standardised mortality ratios for all hypertensive patients.
▪ A total labelling index was calculated as the ratio of labelled cell to total cell numbers for each column.
reference
▪ Costs Our charges are calculated by reference to an hourly rate.
▪ Results were calculated by reference to a standard curve.
▪ Annual rate bills are calculated by reference to rateable values and the rate multiplier.
▪ Gains on property disposals are calculated by reference to historical net book value to the Group.
▪ But if the damages are calculated without reference to income tax that will not be so.
▪ This can be best calculated by reference to accurate time-cost information.
risk
▪ Odds ratios were calculated for the risk of fracture in the arthritic women.
▪ Delegation truly involved interpersonal judgment, taking calculated risks on whom to trust.
▪ It was a calculated risk, like all voyages into the unknown.
▪ They tend to set moderately difficult goals for themselves and to take calculated risks. 3.
size
▪ In calculating the size of deadweight burden triangles under monopoly, different economists have used different estimates of the elasticity of demand.
▪ This occurred because we overestimated the effectiveness of disulfiram when we calculated the sample size prior to initiating the study.
▪ For the last 20 years researchers have been able to calculate genome sizes and mutation rates.
▪ Fortunately, WordPerfect will do most of the page layout work for you-it calculates the appropriate sizes of columns and margins.
▪ What it does offer is a way of calculating the probable size of the error in estimating that value.
▪ The calculated size of the fireball may be several hundred meters in diameter.
▪ It would seem at first sight feasible to calculate this size in a way which reflected precisely the actual use for each category.
tax
▪ Simplifies tax filing for thousands of middle-income Californians by increasing the exemption amounts used in calculating the Alternative Minimum Tax.
▪ In an Inland Revenue consultation paper, Mr Brown also signalled a willingness to disregard student loans when calculating tax credit levels.
▪ The information on the form is processed by our advanced computer system, which calculates all tax and National Insurance contributions.
▪ Block Financial says Kiplinger TaxCut had a problem in calculating state tax returns from Michigan.
value
▪ We can now calculate its value by application of Hess's law.
▪ Step 2 calculates the present value of the expected benefits of the new equipment.
▪ How do we calculate the value of the asset that we are trying to protect?
▪ Thus we can calculate the money value of the final coupon payment and principal repayment on 30 March 1988 as follows.
▪ To help you calculate the value of your possessions, there is a guide on the back of this leaflet.
▪ Lattice enthalpies determined through the Born-Haber cycle can be regarded as experimental values since the lattice enthalpies are calculated from experimental values.
▪ Reference should also be made to the Specific Claims Handling Instructions, especially to calculate written down value.
▪ Any spreadsheet should be able to calculate the present value of payments made over a fixed term.
■ VERB
use
▪ These data were used to calculate annual referral rates using the practice populations as the denominator.
▪ Simplifies tax filing for thousands of middle-income Californians by increasing the exemption amounts used in calculating the Alternative Minimum Tax.
▪ In the aerospace and transport industries, scientists and engineers use stoichiometric procedures to calculate fuel needs.
▪ The resulting estimates will then be used to calculate the changes in welfare resulting from some simple price reduction scenarios of 1992.
▪ Reproducibility studies on the data used to calculate the scan score yielded a coefficient of variation of 5.5%.
▪ Admittedly the computer did use them to calculate the appropriate genetic formula for every point on the picture.
▪ Bond enthalpies can also be used to calculate the enthalpies of reactions involving covalent molecules.
▪ These have been used to calculate continuous price series for 50 individual items based on 10 year average prices.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a calculated risk/gamble
▪ Investing in high-tech companies is a calculated risk.
▪ But it is a calculated risk.
▪ He just took a calculated risk on the spur of the moment.
▪ Injured Stephen Pears, who took a calculated gamble with a cheekbone injury, was never tested in goal.
▪ It was a calculated risk to take a man without forensic experience, but we were looking for a manager primarily.
▪ It was a calculated risk, like all voyages into the unknown.
▪ These high-handed tactics were obviously risky, but they were a calculated risk.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ I began calculating how long it would take to get to the airport if I left at 4:00.
▪ Sally calculated that she needed $300 to pay all her bills.
▪ Their accountant calculated the total cost of the project.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Alternatively, the balance conditions of the Hay bridge can be derived to allow L and R to be calculated.
▪ Effective administration needs people, managers, unswerving devotion and discipline; building from scratch needs capital and carefully calculated investment.
▪ He calculated that he could not beat either Heath or Maudling, and he preferred to avoid the contest.
▪ He calculates the car will last two more years after which he thinks he will be able to sell it for £400.
▪ Mixing curves are ticked to represent 20% increments, and were calculated using the following parameters.
▪ Several different scenarios can be calculated and printed out very rapidly.
▪ The price was calculated from an average of the market price in the last six months, as per stock market regulations.
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Calculate

Calculate \Cal"cu*late\, v. i. To make a calculation; to forecast consequences; to estimate; to compute.

The strong passions, whether good or bad, never calculate.
--F. W. Robertson.

Calculate

Calculate \Cal"cu*late\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Calculater; p. pr. & vb. n. Calculating.] [L, calculatus, p. p. of calculate, fr. calculus a pebble, a stone used in reckoning; hence, a reckoning, fr. calx, calcis, a stone used in gaming, limestone. See Calx.]

  1. To ascertain or determine by mathematical processes, usually by the ordinary rules of arithmetic; to reckon up; to estimate; to compute.

    A calencar exacity calculated than any othe.
    --North.

  2. To ascertain or predict by mathematical or astrological computations the time, circumstances, or other conditions of; to forecast or compute the character or consequences of; as, to calculate or cast one's nativity.

    A cunning man did calculate my birth.
    --Shak.

  3. To adjust for purpose; to adapt by forethought or calculation; to fit or prepare by the adaptation of means to an end; as, to calculate a system of laws for the government and protection of a free people.

    [Religion] is . . . calculated for our benefit.
    --Abp. Tillotson.

  4. To plan; to expect; to think. [Local, U. S.]

    Syn: To compute; reckon; count; estimate; rate.

    Usage: To Calculate, Compute. Reckon, Count. These words indicate the means by which we arrive at a given result in regard to quantity. We calculate with a view to obtain a certain point of knowledge; as, to calculate an eclipse. We compute by combining given numbers, in order to learn the grand result. We reckon and count in carrying out the details of a computation. These words are also used in a secondary and figurative sense. ``Calculate is rather a conjection from what is, as to what may be; computation is a rational estimate of what has been, from what is; reckoning is a conclusive conviction, a pleasing assurance that a thing will happen; counting indicates an expectation. We calculate on a gain; we compute any loss sustained, or the amount of any mischief done; we reckon on a promised pleasure; we count the hours and minutes until the time of enjoyment arrives''
    --Crabb.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
calculate

1560s, "to compute, to estimate by mathematical means," from Latin calculatus, past participle of calculare "to reckon, compute," from calculus (see calculus). Meaning "to plan, devise" is from 1650s. Replaced earlier calculen (mid-14c.), from Old French calculer. Related: Calculable.\n

Wiktionary
calculate

vb. 1 (context transitive mathematics English) To determine the value of something or the solution to something by a mathematical process. 2 (context intransitive mathematics English) To determine values or solutions by a mathematical process; reckon. 3 (context intransitive US dialect English) To plan; to expect; to think.

WordNet
calculate
  1. v. make a mathematical calculation or computation [syn: cipher, cypher, compute, work out, reckon, figure]

  2. judge to be probable [syn: estimate, reckon, count on, figure, forecast]

  3. keep an account of [syn: account]

  4. predict in advance [syn: forecast]

  5. specifically design a product, event, or activity for a certain public [syn: aim, direct]

  6. have faith or confidence in; "you can count on me to help you any time"; "Look to your friends for support"; "You can bet on that!"; "Depend on your family in times of crisis" [syn: count, bet, depend, look, reckon]

Wikipedia

Usage examples of "calculate".

But the Acca has calculated that Monica only has another day or so to live, so I can probably stay nearby that long.

To Adar he gave a bow calculated to the station he had measured them to fit, and set the wire basket on the table.

When animals were subjected to injuries calculated to make the strongest impression uppon their sensibility, was not the response A RISE IN BLOOD-PRESSURE?

It is calculated that ever grown lion in South Africa kills for food, every year, between 200 and 300 harmless animals, and each one of which is as much entitled as the lion to the happiness of existence.

IN MANY CASES calculated to mislead the public, so far as they suggest that the animals in question were not under an anaesthetic.

This was a calculated decision to co-opt the Belgian elite who had led the revolt against the Austrians and avoid alienating the majority of the population by extending French anticlericalism to one of the most fervently pious Catholic populations in Europe.

The fact that Lady Appleton had dressed for her own comfort argued against any calculated effort to impress the yeomen and husbandmen of Gorebury.

Known as far and away the most promising orator among the younger men, like the dead Crassus Orator he affected the Asianic style, and was as gracefully calculated in his gestures as he was golden of voice, language, and rhetorical devices.

Staring at the stars, he calculated the precise astrometric parallax measurements by which to fly back to Serpentia.

The Russian astrophysicist Shklovsky has calculated that a type II supernovae 32 light-years from the sun could bath the earth with cosmic rays having an energy density 100 times that of the cosmic rays that now impinge upon the atmosphere.

But the rate of his progress was such that he pessimistically calculated that it would take him at least two years before he could preach with any degree of understanding in the Athabascan tongue.

HO caused him to calculate incorrect figures for the weight of hydrogen atoms relative to other elements.

He grunted as he began a backswing with the axe calculated to split the Colonel up from the groin to the breastbone, then gasped as a pain exploded behind his knee.

In this wise more than three hours had elapsed, the young Emir was himself again, and was calculating the average of the various rates of interest in every town in Syria, from Gaza to Aleppo, when Baroni returned, bearing in his hand an Egyptian vase.

When the universal jollity had reached its height, two Bayaderes, who belonged to the suite of the Maharajah of Sabathu, made their appearance, Indian beauties, whose voluptuous feminine charms were calculated to make the blood even of the spoilt European run warm.